大学生进入政府与事业单位的决定因素与工资溢价研究  

Employment Choice and Wage Premium on the College Graduates Who Entered into the Government and Pulic Instituion

作　　者：孔东民[1] 徐茗丽[1] 孔高文[2] KONG Dong-min XU Ming-li KONG Gao-wen(School of Economics, HUST, Wuhan 430074, China Management School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]暨南大学管理学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第1期78-88,共11页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"智力资本;公司行为与公司价值:基于人力资本与组织资本的微观研究"(71372130);中央组织部第二批"万人计划"青年拔尖人才计划的资金支持

摘　　要：虽然近期国内外媒体非常关注中国大学毕业生涌向政府部门或事业单位这一问题,但对此尚未有明确的学术研究。本文使用一个独特数据考察大学毕业生进入政府与事业单位的决定因素及其工资溢价水平。具体而言,我们利用来自某高校的毕业调研数据,发现家庭社会资本、学生的党员身份、性别和个人能力会显著影响毕业生进入政府与事业单位的概率。进一步,尽管在政府事业单位求职难度很大,但并不会给毕业生带来更高的工资。最终,本文结果在经过Heckman检验后依然成立。本文研究明确了"为什么中国毕业生渴望考取公务员"这一广泛讨论问题的决定因素,同时本文结论对政府部门也具有明晰的政策含义。This paper investigates the determinants of obtaining a job in the Chinese government using a unique dataset obtained from a Chinese college. Despite the significant amount of attention paid by popular media on this issue, academic study on this subject has been limited. We find that the parents＇ social capital, membership to the Communist Party, gender, and personal ability significantly affect the possibility of a gradu- ate obtaining a job opportunity in the public sector. Moreover, although acquiring a job in the government is difficult, no significant wage premium exists for graduates working in this sector. Finally, these results still hold after conducting the Heckman tests to validate the self- selection bias. This study identifies determinants of the widely debated issue why young Chinese graduates aspire to be civil servants, which raises significant policy implications to ~overnments.

关 键 词：政府与事业单位 家庭社会资本 个人能力 毕业生就业 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学]