温度和盐度突变对菲律宾蛤仔斑马蛤耗氧率和排氨率的影响  

COMPARISON STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIA EXCRETION IN ZEBRA STRAIN AND WILD RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM

作　　者：聂鸿涛[1,2] 霍忠明[1] 侯晓琳[1] 陈赟[1] 杨凤[1] 闫喜武[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省贝类良种繁育工程技术研究中心,大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,大连116023

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2017年第1期121-126,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-48);国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A400);辽宁省高等学校杰出青年学者成长计划(LJQ2014076);辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才项目(2014004);大连市科技计划(2014B11NC092)资助~~

摘　　要：为研究温度和盐度对蛤仔新品种斑马蛤耗氧排氨的影响,以野生蛤仔为对照,实验设置15、20、25、30和35℃五个温度梯度和20、25、30、35和40五个盐度梯度,结果表明:温度和盐度对斑马蛤的耗氧率和排氨率影响显著(P<0.05)。在温度15—35℃内,随着温度的增加,耗氧率和排氨率整体上呈增加的趋势。在20—40盐度内,耗氧率随着盐度的升高先减少后增加,排氨率随着盐度的升高先增加后减少,在盐度为30时达到最高值。在水温为15℃,盐度20—40内,斑马蛤的O鲶N为9.534—62.008;在盐度为35,水温在15—35℃内,斑马蛤的O鲶N是20.700—74.138。与野生蛤仔比较,斑马蛤的耐高温能力要强于野生蛤仔,从Q10的变化反映出斑马蛤对温度的敏感性相对较弱,适应温度变化的能力比较强;斑马蛤的耐低盐和耐高盐能力强于野生蛤仔。研究结果为进一步完善蛤仔斑马蛤的人工养殖技术提供参考。Temperature and salinity are two main factors affecting the metabolism of aquatic biological activity, and these environmental factors vary seasonally （e.g., high temperatures in summer and increased rainfall during the rainy season）. This study investigated the effects of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia ex-cretion of the zebra strain of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The experimental conditions included a tempe-rature gradient （15, 20, 25, 30, and 35℃） and a salinity gradient （20, 25, 30, 35, and 40）. The results showed that tem-perature and salinity had a significant effect on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates in this strain （P〈0.05）. Higher temperature increased oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion. Oxygen consumption decreased first and then increased with increased salinity, whereas ammonia excretion increased first and then decreased. At 15℃, the O N ratio ranged from 9.534 to 62.008 while salinity increased from 20 to 40. At salinity 35, the O N ratio ranged from 20.700 to 74.138 while temperature increased from 15 to 35℃.

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 斑马蛤 耗氧率 排氨率 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学] S968.3[生物学—普通生物学]