乒乓球运动员在经验相关图形识别中的神经效率:一项EEG研究  

Neural Efficiency of Table Tennis Players during Image Recognition:An EEG Study

作　　者：郭志平[1] 李安民[1] 陆青 顾楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [2]德国新布莱登堡大学,德国01945

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2017年第1期78-84,共7页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

摘　　要：为了探讨乒乓球运动员在经验相关图形识别过程中的大脑皮层激活变化,以抽象的经验相关图形为刺激材料,运用64导脑电测试系统记录了14名乒乓球运动员和14名非运动员在简单反应和辨别反应任务中的脑电数据,分析低频α(8~10Hz)和高频α(10~12Hz)事件相关去同步化/同步化(ERD/ERS)指标。结果发现:在简单反应任务中,运动员与非运动员的αERD/ERS无差异;在辨别反应任务中,运动员额区(P=0.006)和中央区(P=0.004)的低频αERD及额区(P=0.007)和中央区(P=0.026)的高频αERD高于非运动员,顶区(P=0.014)和枕区(P=0.035)的高频αERD低于非运动员。研究结果表明,运动员在经验相关图形识别中的神经效率受到任务要求和脑区的调节,其大脑皮层激活并非严格遵循"神经效率"策略,而是具有专家大脑皮层加工的选择性激活特性。In order to explore the cortical activity in table tennis players during image recognition,EEG data were recorded in 14 table tennis players and 14non-athletes.With reference to a baseline period,the power decrease/increase of alpha rhythms were recorded during the image recognition indexed the cortical activation variation（event-related desynchronization/synchronization,ERD/ERS）.During the discriminate response task,low-frequency alpha ERD（8~10Hz）was higher in amplitude in frontal（P=0.006）and central（P=0.004）areas in the table tennis players higher than in the non-athletes.High-frequency alpha ERD（10~12Hz）was higher in amplitude in frontal（P=0.007）and central（P=0.026）areas were lower in amplitude in parietal（P=0.014）and occipital（P=0.035）areas in the table tennis players than in the non-athletes.No difference was found during the simple response task.These results suggest that athletes＇ neural efficiency during image recognition was modulated by factors of task requirement and brain areas;the brain activation of athletes didn＇t strictly follow the strategy of neural efficiency,and showed spatially focused cortical activity.

关 键 词：乒乓球运动员 图形识别 神经效率 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]