播种量和品种对紫花苜蓿干物质产量的影响  

Effects of Seeding Rate and Varieties on the Dry Matter Yield of Alfalfa

作　　者：王彦华[1,2] 王成章[1] 郑爱荣 李鹏飞 牛岩 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省饲草饲料站,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2017年第1期60-65,69,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(201403048-6);国家星火计划项目(2015GA750003);国家牧草产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-35-20)

摘　　要：采用裂区设计,以播种量(15.0kg/hm^2、22.5kg/hm^2、30.0kg/hm^2)为主区,8个不同秋眠级苜蓿品种为副区,研究其对干物质产量的影响,旨在为苜蓿生产确定最佳播种量和适宜品种、发展精准苜蓿产业提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)播种量对每一年度的同一茬次干物质产量均没有显著影响(P>0.05),但不同播量和品种的干物质产量总体表现出第1茬>第2茬>第3茬>第4茬>第5茬>第6茬>第7茬的趋势,而且前两茬产量约占全年干物质产量的50%左右。这就提示我们,在苜蓿生产中,应加强前期水肥管理措施,以提高产量。(2)综合3年干物质产量,为获得高产,从品种角度考虑,应选择排名前3的先行者(78.60t/hm^2)、WL525(76.73t/hm^2)和WL903(75.10t/hm^2)。(3)播种量在15.0~30.0kg/hm^2范围内对年干物质产量无显著影响(P>0.05),为减少种子费用,降低生产成本,建议选择低播量进行播种。In order to explore the production performance caused by the seeding rate and varieties of alfalfa,and to provide a scientific reference for determining the optimal seeding rate and appropriate variety for alfalfa production as well as developing precise alfalfa production,split plot design was adopted with the seeding rate（15.0kg/hm^2,22.5kg/hm^2,30.0kg/hm^2）as the main production area,8different fall dormant classes of alfalfa varieties as subplot to do field experiments to research the project.The results were as follows：（1）Seeding rate had no significant difference on the dry matter yield of the same cutting in a year（P〈0.05）,but the dry matter yield under different seeding rates and with different varieties generally presented a trend of 1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut 4th cut5th cut6th cut 7th cut,and the dry matter yield of the first two cuts was about 50% of the total.This reveals that in order to increase alfalfa yield,fertilizer and water management should be strengthened at the early stages;（2）According to the total yield of first three years,in order obtain higher yield,Concept（78.60t/hm^2）,WL525（76.73t/hm^2）,and WL903（75.10t/hm^2）were recommended to be planted for production.（3）Seeding rate of 15.0-30.0kg/hm^2 had no significant difference on the dry matter yield of each year（P〈0.05）.In order to reduce expense budget of variety and production costs,lower seeding rate was recommended in practice.

关 键 词：品种 紫花苜蓿 播种量 茬次 干物质产量 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]