造纸废水灌溉对辽河口湿地土壤重金属污染的评价研究  

Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Liaohe Estuary Wetland Irrigated by Papermaking Wastewater

作　　者：惠淑荣[1] 徐棚[2] 刘惠 李丽锋[1] 王萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学理学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院,沈阳110161 [3]上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司,上海200232 [4]上海污染场地修复工程技术研究中心,上海200232

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2016年第6期695-702,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31570706;31470710);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31200392);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2012ZX07202004);辽宁省重大科技计划项目(2012212001);辽宁省重大科技计划项目(2014416012)

摘　　要：为有效评价造纸废水灌溉对辽河口湿地土壤重金属污染的影响,基于广义集对分析综合评价法,对造纸废水灌溉条件下辽河口芦苇湿地重金属累积情况进行评价。集对分析评价过程中,指标权重以及差异系数的准确性是决定评价结果准确与否的关键。选取造纸废水灌溉后湿地土壤中出现累积问题的Cd,Cu,Pb,Zn 4种重金属作为评价指标,将广义集对分析法和层次分析法耦合确定评价指标权重,既考虑了专家的后验权重,又考虑了先验权重,结合三角模糊数法确定差异系数,构造综合评价模型。结果表明:以CODCr浓度为300mg·L^(-1)的造纸废水灌溉辽河口湿地,土壤表层Cd,Cu,Pb,Zn 4种重金属的综合权重分别为0.539,0.150,0.106,0.205,其中Cd是主要的污染贡献因子;不同浓度的造纸废水灌溉对湿地造成的污染程度大小顺序为:CK<50mg·L^(-1)<175mg·L^(-1)<300mg·L^(-1),污染等级为清洁到轻度污染,可以利用低浓度造纸废水灌溉辽河口湿地,促进湿地系统修复;与其他传统评价方法对比表明,集对分析与层次分析和三角模糊数进行耦合的综合评价模型可以有效解决集对分析中指标权重独立性和不确定性以及差异系数的模糊性的问题,提高土壤重金属污染评价准确性。In order to effectively evaluate the effect of papermaking wastewater irrigation on soil heavy metal pollution in Liaohe estuary wetland, we used mathematical model of generalized set pair analysis comprehensive evaluation evaluated the accumulation condition of heavy metals from irrigation with paper making wastewater. When set pair analysis method was applied to an evaluation process, the accuracy of final results depended critically on the accuracy of the index weight and difference coefficients. We adopted a comprehensive evaluation model which combined the generalized set pair analysis with analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of evaluation index by selecting four heavy metals of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn which were cumulative in the wetland. This model not only considered the experts posterior weight but also the prior weight, and it gave the difference coefficients through the triangular fuzzy number. The results showed that When Liaohe estuary wetland was irrigated with CODCr concentration for 300 mg＊L-1 of wastewater, the comprehensive weights of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in soil surface were 0.539, 0.150, 0.106 and 0.205, respectively. It was Cd that became the main pollution factor. The order of pollution severity with different CODCr concentrations of wastewater was： CK〈50mg＊L-1〈175mg＊L-1〈300mg＊L-1. The pollution level varied from clean to ight pollution, which means that the papermaking wastewater with low CODCr concentration could be used to irrigation for promoting restoration of the wetland system. Compared with traditional evaluation methods, the comprehensive evaluation model was proved to be an effective method to solve the independence and uncertainty of index weightand the fuzziness of difference coefficients in set pair analysis, which provides a more accurate reference for the evaluation of heavy metal pollution in wetland.

关 键 词：造纸废水 湿地 重金属 污染评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]