灌水沟微地形及断面形状变异性对灌水质量影响及敏感性分析  

Effects of furrow microtopography and variability of section shape on irrigation quality and sensitivity analysis

作　　者：倪东宁 李瑞平[1] 史海滨[1] 苗庆丰[1] 边利军 李茂华 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]乌兰布和灌域管理局沙区灌溉试验站,内蒙古巴彦高勒015200 [3]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市磴口县水务局,内蒙古巴彦高勒015200

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2016年第6期117-122,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B03);国家自然科学基金项目(51369018;51269015)

摘　　要：为研究沟灌受水界面的时空变异性对灌水质量的影响,本文通过田间试验测试了灌水前后沟底微地形及断面形状的变化情况,并对实测数据进行了计算分析。结果表明:随时间推移,在灌水等多因素的影响下,表征沟底微地形起伏状况的S_d值呈现减小趋势,平均由3.45降至1.17,变异性逐渐减小,变异系数平均由0.17降至0.09,沟底微地形逐渐趋于平整;表征沟断面形状变异情况的P_1值标准差及变异性呈现增加趋势,标准差平均由1.68增至1.95,变异系数平均由0.47增至0.53,但总体来说属弱变异性;随沟底相对高程及断面形状参数标准差的增加,灌水质量指标均呈现降低趋势;通过敏感性分析,两影响因素对灌水均匀度的影响大于灌水效率,平均敏感系数大9.46%和11.84%,且沟底微地形变异的影响大于沟断面形状变异。In order to research the affect of spatial and temporal variability of furrow in water interface on irrigation quality,this paper made a statistical analysis to the measured data based on field experiments about variation of microtopography and section shape of furrow before and after irrigation.The results showed that：Over time,influence of irrigation and other factors,the Sd value that characterized furrow microtopography presented a decreasing trend and average reduced from 3.45 to 1.17,and the variability decreasing.The coefficient of variation was reduced from 0.17 to 0.09,the microtopography was tended to flat gradually.The standard deviation of P_1 values that reflected the variation of the section shape showed an increasing trend,the standard deviation increased from 1.68 to 1.95,and the coefficient of variation increased from 0.47 to 0.53,but belonged to the weak variability.With the increase of the relative elevation of furrow bottom and the standard deviation of the section shape parameter,the irrigation quality indexes total showed a decreasing trend.Through the sensitivity analysis,the influence of two factors on irrigation uniformity was more than the irrigation efficiency,the average sensitivity coefficients were higher than 9.46% and 11.84%,and the effect of variation of microtopography was larger than section shape.

关 键 词：沟灌 沟底微地形 沟断面形状 变异性 灌水均匀度 灌水效率 敏感系数 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程] S274.2[农业科学—农业工程]