115例首诊HIV/AIDS住院病人口腔临床特点分析  

Oral clinical characteristics of 115 firstly-diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients

作　　者：付茜[1] 肖江[2] 赵红心[2] 王凌航[2] Fu Qian Xiao Jiang Zhao Hongxin Wang Linghang(Department of Stomatology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China The National Key Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院口腔科,北京100015 [2]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院感染性疾病国家重点专科,北京100015

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2016年第12期954-956,共3页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的了解首诊艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者/艾滋病（AIDS）（简称HIV/AIDS）住院病人的口腔临床特点。方法回顾性分析2015年6-11月在北京地坛医院115例首诊HIV/AIDS住院病人的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、感染途径、首发症状、全身及口腔机会性感染情况和CD4＋T淋巴细胞（简称CD4细胞）计数等,通过Excel建立数据库,进行描述性分析。结果 115例首诊HIV/AIDS病人中,7例（6.1%）以口腔症状首诊,表现为口腔异物感4例（3.5%）,口腔黏膜疼痛2例（1.7%）,颌下肿物1例（0.9%）。106例（92.2%）发生了机会性感染,40例（34.8%）发生口腔机会性感染,CD4细胞计数范围1~218个/μL,包括口腔念珠菌感染37例（32.3%）,口腔卡波西肉瘤4例（3.5%）,口腔阿弗他溃疡2例（1.7%）,口腔单纯疱疹1例（0.9%）,颌下淋巴瘤1例（0.9%）。结论机会性感染是首诊HIV/AIDS病人住院的主要原因,其中口腔机会性感染发生率较高,病人可因口腔症状和体征首诊,临床医生应重视口腔检查,熟悉艾滋病相关口腔病损的临床特点,避免漏诊。Objective To study the oral clinical features of firstly-diagnosed HIV/AIDS inpatients.MethodsThe retrospective analysis was made to know the oral clinical features of 115 firstly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in-patients in Beijing Ditan hospital from June to November,2015.Medical records were collected including age,sex,transmission routes,primary symptoms,opportunistic infection,and CD4 counts.The data were described and analyzed with SPSS 13.Results 7of 115 HIV/AIDS patients manifested oral symptoms,including oral cavity body sensation（4cases,3.5%）,pain of the oral mucosa（2cases,1.7%）,and jaw neoplasm（1case,0.9%）.106（92.2%）of 115 patients had opportunistic infection.40（34.8%）had oral opportunistic infection,with CD4 counts between1-218cells/μL,including oral candidiasis（37cases,32.3%）,kaposi＇s sarcoma（4cases,3.5%）,oral aphthous ulcer（2cases,1.7%）,oral simplex herpes（1case,0.9%）,and mandible lymphoma（1case,0.9%）.Conclusion Opportunistic infection is the leading cause of hospitalization for the first diagnosis of AIDS patients,among which the prevalence of oral opportunistic infections is high.Patients may seek their first health care due to oral symptoms and signs,and physicians should attach importance to oral examination,know well the features of oral disorders in order to avoid misdiagnosis.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病病人 首诊 口腔 机会性感染 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学] R512.91[医药卫生—基础医学]