不同基因型夏玉米间作对产量及氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effect of Different Genotype Summer Maize Intercropping on Yield and Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization

作　　者：陶静静[1] 王海标[1] 朱宗瑛 谭金芳[1] 王宜伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南粮食作物协同创新中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《华北农学报》2016年第6期185-191,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD23B02);河南省科技成果转化基金项目(142201110025)

摘　　要：为探究不同氮效率夏玉米品种间作的氮肥增产效果,采用田间试验研究了不同施氮水平下,不同氮效率夏玉米品种间作种植模式对其产量、氮素积累量、地上部生物量、光合特性及氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,不施氮水平下,郑单958和浚单20间作较郑单958和浚单20单作产量分别增加8.82%和6.34%,吐丝期净光合速率分别增加47.68%和30.89%;施氮240 kg/hm^2水平下,间作较郑单958和浚单20单作产量分别增加7.19%和5.88%,吐丝期净光合速率分别增加27.31%和22.16%;施氮450 kg/hm^2水平下,间作较郑单958和浚单20单作产量分别增加6.53%和5.31%,吐丝期净光合速率分别增加19.20%和7.43%。间作模式下,施氮240,450 kg/hm^2,玉米分别增产9.55%和11.22%,但2个氮水平间差异不显著。郑单958和浚单20间作提高了夏玉米氮素积累量,氮肥利用率提高3.10~3.47个百分点,氮肥农学效率提高1.08~2.64 kg/kg;施氮240 kg/hm^2水平下,郑单958和浚单20间作的氮肥利用率高于浚单20单作,氮肥农学效率最高。综合产量和氮肥利用效率,郑单958和浚单20间作施氮240 kg/hm^2效果较好。A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of intercropping of different nitrogen-efficiency varieties of maize on yield,nitrogen accumulation,aboveground biomass,photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in different application levels of nitrogen.The results showed that,in the condition of no nitrogen application,Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 intercropping increased the grain yield by 8.82% and6.34% respectively,compared with the monoculture of Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20,and the net photosynthetic rate increased by 47.68% and 30.89% respectively at silking stage.In 240 kg/ha nitrogen level,Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 intercropping increased the yield by 7.19% and 5.88% respectively than Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 monoculture,and the net photosynthetic rate increased by 27.31% and 22.16% respectively in silking stage.In 450 kg/ha nitrogen level,Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 intercropping increased the yield by 6.53% and5.31% respectively than Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 monoculture,and the net photosynthetic rate increased by19.20% and 7.43% respectively in silking stage.In intercropping mode,the yield increased by 9.55% and11.22% respectively at 240,450 kg/ha nitrogen level,while there was no significant difference between the two levels.The nitrogen accumulation amount of summer maize was increased by intercropping of Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20,the nitrogen use rate increased by 3.10-3.47 perlentage points and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency increased by 1.08-2.64 kg/kg.In 240 kg/ha nitrogen level,the nitrogen-efficiency in Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 intercropping was higher than Xundan 20 monoculture,and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency was the best.Consideing the yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency,240 kg/ha nitrogen level was better for Zhengdan 958 and Xundan 20 intercropping.

关 键 词：基因型 夏玉米 间作 产量 氮肥效率 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]