利益冲突情境中社会行为的自动激活:合作还是利己?  

The automaticity of social behavior in situations of conflicting interests: Cooperation or self-interest?

作　　者：刘长江[1,2] 张跃[1] 郝芳[1] 刘采梦 丁絮 石雨[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院 [2]南京师范大学道德教育研究所,南京210097

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2016年第12期1897-1906,共10页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：南京师范大学百名青年领军人才培养计划项目;江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2015SJB121)

摘　　要：合作与利己是利益冲突情境中个体的基本行为模式。在理性假设所主导的框架下,利己行为被看作是人类的本能反应。然而,近期的观点指出,人类的合作本质上是一种自动化的行为反应。无意识、认知能力、自我损耗以及神经科学等领域的理论和研究支持像合作这样复杂的社会行为可以自动地激活。未来研究除了需要继续揭示行为自动化的结果是利己还是利他之外,还需要确定社会合作自动化产生的机制与条件。Cooperation and self-interest are individuals＇ basic behavioral patterns in situations of conflicting interests. Within the rationality framework of economics, selfish behavior is viewed as human being＇s instinct reaction. However, recent opinions claim that cooperation is an automatic reaction by nature. Theories and researches on unconsciousness, cognitive capacity, and ego depletion, as well as evidences from neurosciences studies, have verified that complicated social behaviors such as cooperation can be automatically activated. Future studies should further demonstrate whether self-interest or cooperation is automatic, and reveal psychological mechanisms of automaticity of social cooperation and its conditions.

关 键 词：社会合作 利益冲突 无意识 认知能力 自我管理 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]