GIS支持下的中国土地承载状态评价  

EVALUATION OF CHINA'S GIS-BASED LAND CARRYING CAPACITY

作　　者：傅连珍 袁国华[1,2] 席皛[1,2] 周伟[1,2] FU Lian-zhen YUAN Guo-hua XI Xiao ZHOU Wei(Chinese Academy of Land and Resource Economics, Beifing 10l 149, China 5. Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resources and Environment, MLR, Beijing 101149, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源经济研究院,北京101149 [2]国土资源部资源环境承载力评价重点实验室,北京101149

出　　处：《资源与产业》2016年第6期52-58,共7页Resources & Industries

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2016YFC0503501)

摘　　要：土地是人类生产生活的物质基础和空间载体,土地的承载状态评价反映了土地资源与经济、社会活动的匹配程度,是国土空间规划和管理的重要依据。GIS因其强大的建模功能、空间分析能力和制图效果,可应用于资源环境承载力的相关评价。文章以2015年中国统计年鉴数据为基础,运用GIS建立以耕地、建设用地和生态用地为主要因子的土地承载强度评价指标体系,分析评价了中国31个省(市)土地承载状态。结果表明,中国土地承载力与耕地承载强度、建设用地承载强度、生态用地承载强度密切相关,土地承载状态受区域地形地貌、经济社会发展水平影响显著。经济发达、人口密集区土地超载,天津市土地严重超载,北京市、上海市和江苏省土地承载状态为超载;西北、华北、中南和东南沿海省份土地临界超载;东北地区、内蒙古和云南省土地承载状态为盈余。Land is the foundation and carrier of human＇s activity and lives. Evaluation of its carrying capacity marks the matching degree of land resources with economy and social activities, and provides a vital basis in land zoning and management. GIS powered by its modeling, spatial analysis and mapping can be used in this evaluation. This paper, based on China＇s Annual Statistics 2015, uses GIS to establish an index system to evaluate land carrying intensity with farmland, construction land and ecological land as major factors, which is employed to evaluate China＇s 31 provinces （cities）. Results show that China＇s land carrying capacity is closely related to farmland, construction land and ecological land intensity. Land carrying status is remarkably influenced by terrain and social ＆ economic development. In developed areas such Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu, land carrying capacity is overloaded, critically overloaded in Tianjin, almost overloaded in northwestern, northern, central-south and southeastern, excess in northeastern, Inner Mongolia and Yunnan.

关 键 词：土地 承载状态 中国 GIS 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]