胜利原油活性组分对原油-甜菜碱溶液体系油-水界面张力的影响  

Effect of Shengli Crude Oil Active Fractions on Interfacial Tensions of Crude Oil-Betaine Solution System

作　　者：曹加花 曹绪龙[3] 宋新旺[3] 徐志成[1] 张磊[1] 张路[1,4] 赵濉[1] CAO Jiahua CAO Xulong SONG Xinwang XU Zhicheng ZHANG Lei ZHANG Lu ZHAO Sui(Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Exploration ~ Development Research Institute of Shengli Oil field Co. Ltd, SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东东营257000 [4]武汉理工大学化学化工与生命科学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2016年第6期1238-1245,共8页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05011-003);国家自然科学资金项目(51373192)资助

摘　　要：采用传统的柱色谱四组分分离方法(SARA)将胜利孤岛原油分离得到沥青质、饱和分、芳香分和胶质,采用碱醇液法萃取原油得到酸性组分。测定了正构烷烃、煤油以及原油活性组分模拟油与2种不同疏水结构的甜菜碱溶液组成的体系的油-水界面张力。结果表明,在原油活性组分模拟油-甜菜碱溶液体系中,直链甜菜碱由于疏水基团较小,与原油活性组分尤其是酸性组分和胶质发生正协同效应的混合吸附,使油-水界面上表面活性剂分子的含量增加,界面膜的排布更紧密,导致油-水界面张力降低;支链甜菜碱由于具有较大尺寸的疏水基团,煤油中少量的活性物质即可将油-水界面张力降至超低(<10^(-3)mN/m),而原油活性组分的加入,则使界面上表面活性剂分子的排布被破坏,削弱了界面膜原有的紧密性,导致油-水界面张力大幅度升高。The Shengli crude oil active fractions of asphaltene,saturate,aromatic and resin were obtained by traditional SARA method,and the acid fractions were extracted by NaOH/EtOH mixed solution.The oil-water interfacial tensions（IFT）of the systems composed of n-alkanes,kerosene and model oils containing crude oil fractions,respectively,with two different betaine solutions were studied.The experiment results showed that for the system of crude oil-linear betaine,a small quantity of crude oil active fractions,especially acidic fraction and resin,could decrease the IFT by forming a mixed adsorption film,which enhanced dynamic behavior and the interfacial films to some degree.For the system of crude oil-branched betaine with a larger size of hydrophobic part,absolutely opposite tendency occurred,because the addition of crude oil active fractions could relatively affect the arrangement of surfactant molecules on the interface and weaken the compactness of interfacial films.

关 键 词：胜利原油 原油活性组分 酸性组分 甜菜碱 界面张力 

分 类 号：O647[理学—物理化学]