不同溶剂对汽油特征成分提取效果的研究  

Study on efficiency of different solvent for gasoline extraction

作　　者：兰丽娜 范子琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市南开区消防支队,天津300113 [2]公安部天津消防研究所,天津300381

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2016年第12期1772-1775,共4页Fire Science and Technology

摘　　要：溶剂提取法是火灾物证鉴定中检材样品制备经常使用的提取方法,该方法采用不同的溶剂或不同的浓缩条件会影响到最终获得目标成分的多少。由于汽油为火灾物证鉴定中重点关注的鉴定对象,为了提高溶剂提取法对检材中汽油的提取效率,对正己烷、环己烷、四氯化碳和二氯甲烷4种提取溶剂以及浓缩温度条件进行了研究。实验以汽油中5类21种特征成分来计算表征溶液中汽油的体积百分含量,并采用回收率用以比较溶剂提取后溶液中汽油损失的多少。通过分析不同提取条件对汽油提取结果的差异,得出正己烷为提取效率最高的溶剂,汽油回收率可达到96.16%。Solvent extraction method was widely used to prepared samples in the process of fire material evidence identification. The different solvents and concentration conditions would affect the components to be extracted. In order to improve the extrac- tion efficiency of gasoline which was the key identification in the fire material evidence identification, hexane, cyclohexane, di chloromethane and carbon tetrachloride 4 extraction solvents and the concentration temperatures were studied. The volume percentages of gasoline in solution were represented with 5 groups 21 characteristic components. And the recoveries were calculated to illustrate the loss of gasoline in solution after sol- vent extraction. The result showed that the extraction efficieney of hexane was the highest with the gasoline recovery 96.160%.

关 键 词：溶剂提取法 汽油 火灾物证鉴定 回收率 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU998.12[建筑科学—市政工程]