水貂被毛黑色素含量及皮肤成熟黑色素细胞组织学分析  

Study on Hair Melanin Content and Distribution of Skin Mature Melanocytes in Mink(Neovison vison)

作　　者：宋兴超[1] 徐超[1] 刘琳玲[1] 刘宗岳[1] 杨童奥[1] 丛波[1] 岳志刚[1] 杨福合[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林省特种经济动物分子生物学省部共建国家重点实验室,长春130112

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2017年第1期83-90,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划-973项目(2012CB722907);水貂优良种质资源及选育技术引进-948项目(2014-Z8);中国农业科学院科技创新工程-特种动物育种科技创新团队(CAAS-ASTIP-2015-ISAPS02)

摘　　要：旨在分析水貂被毛黑色素含量差异及观察皮肤成熟黑色素细胞的分布特征,为水貂毛色形成调控机理研究提供理论依据。以乌贼黑为标准品,利用酶标仪测定并比较金州黑水貂、银蓝水貂和吉林白水貂被毛总黑色素(Total melanin,TM)、真黑色素(Eumelanin,EM)及褐黑色素(Pheomelanin,PM)含量;通过甲苯胺蓝、多巴及多巴联合甲苯胺蓝分别对不同毛色水貂皮肤组织进行染色。结果表明,金州黑水貂毛皮成熟期被毛TM和PM含量分别是换毛期的1.17和1.20倍(P<0.01),EM含量显著高于换毛期(P<0.05);银蓝水貂换毛期与毛皮成熟期被毛3种黑色素含量差异不显著(P>0.05);吉林白水貂毛皮成熟期被毛TM和PM含量分别是换毛期的1.27和1.22倍(P<0.05)。组织学染色显示,金州黑和银蓝水貂皮肤中均存在成熟黑色素细胞,主要分布于金州黑水貂的表皮和毛囊顶端,毛囊外根鞘和毛纤维髓质层有少量多巴阳性着色带;银蓝水貂皮肤的表皮和毛囊顶端多巴阳性着色带较少,毛囊外根鞘阳性着色较浅;吉林白水貂皮肤组织未见明显多巴阳性着色区域。综上表明,PM含量可能与水貂灰色和白色被毛表型相关,毛囊顶端的成熟黑色素细胞可能是水貂被毛色素沉积的主要细胞。The melanin content of hair and distribution characteristics of mature melanocytes in skin of mink with different coat colors were analyzed and observed,which will provide theoretical basis for futher study on regulatory mechanism of mink coat color.The content of total melanin（TM）,eumelanin（EM）and pheomelanin（PM）in hair,which were collected from Jinzhou black,Silver Blue and Jilin White mink in molting and pelting periods,respectively,were determined by microplate assay with sepia as standard sample.Toluidine blue,dopa and dopa with toluidine blue staining were conducted to observe the distribution of skin mature melanocytes.The results showed that the content of TM and PM from black hair in pelting period were 1.17 and 1.20times（P〈0.01）than that of molting period,and the value of EM was higher than that of molting period（P〈0.05）.There were not different for the content of TM,EM and PM ingray hair（P〈0.05）between the two periods.The content of TM and PM from white hair in pelting period were 1.27 and 1.22times（P〈0.05）than that of molting period.Histological staining revealed that the mature melanocytes were distributed both in skin with black and gray hair.In the skin of black hair,a large number of pigment granules were distributed at epidemis and the top of hair follicle and a few positive staining band was in the outer root sheath and medulla.There was less dopa-positive band at epidemis and the top of hair follicle in mink skin with gray hair.Moreover,the positive staining of the outer root sheath in skin with gray hair was weaker than that of black.However,there was not obvious dopa-positive staining area in mink skin with white hair.Results of the present study indicated that the formation of gray and white hair were related with the content of PM.The mature melanocytes at the top of hair follicle might be the main cytological basis of hair pigmentation in mink.

关 键 词：水貂 被毛 黑色素含量 成熟黑色素细胞 多巴染色 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]