中美科研实力比较研究:基于《2016研究前沿》的分析  

A comparative study of scientific research strength between China and the United States:an analysis based on the“Frontiers of research in 2016”

作　　者：冷伏海[1] 赵庆峰[2,3] 周秋菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]山东科技大学计算机科学与工程学院,青岛266590 [3]中国科学院文献情报中心,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2017年第1期48-65,共18页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：本文从10个领域分别展开中国和美国在《2016研究前沿》100个热点前沿和80个新兴前沿的参与和表现情况的比较分析,以期较为全面地掌握中国与美国的差距和优势。结果显示,在数学、计算机科学和工程以及化学与材料科学领域,中国在贡献度和引领度以及卓越前沿表现视角上均超过美国。在农业、植物学和动物学领域、物理领域、生态与环境科学领域和生物科学领域,中国也都有若干前沿跻身世界先进行列。但在地球科学、天文学和天体物理学领域中国缺少贡献度和引领度等各项指标都表现突出的前沿。在临床医学、天文学与天体物理学领域和经济学、心理学以及其他社会科学领域中国参与和有所表现的前沿覆盖范围较小。According to ＂Frontiers of research in 2016＂, this paper compares and analyzes the 100 hot fron- tiers and 80 emerging frontier＇s participation and performance from ten research fields, between China and the United States. That is aimed at comprehensively grasping the gap and advantage between China and the United States, such as science and technology power. The results show： （1） In the field of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, Chemistry and Materials Science, China has surpassed the United States in the contribution and guidance; （2） In the fields of Agriculture, Botany and Zoology, Physics, Ecology and Environmental Science and Biological Sciences, China also has a number of frontiers among the World＇s advanced ranks; （3） But in the field o{ Earth Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, China＇s lack of the frontiers which have outstanding performance on contribution and guidance; （4） In the field of Clini- cal Medicine, Astronomy and Astrophysics, as well as Economics, Psychology and other social sciences, China has a smaller coverage on the frontiers in which China＇s participation and performance.

关 键 词：科研实力 贡献度 引领度 卓越前沿 

分 类 号：G321[文化科学]