不同地区荷花腐败病菌生物学特性及IGS序列分析  

Biological Characteristics and IGS Sequence Analysis of Pathogen Strains Causing Lotus Rhizome Rot(Fusarium commune) from Different Regions

作　　者：曾莉莎 吕顺 郑芝波 梁少丽 周建坤 庄华才 杜彩娴 麦进培 莫秀文 

机构地区：[1]东莞市香蕉蔬菜研究所,广东东莞523061 [2]东莞市农业科学研究中心,广东东莞523086 [3]东莞市农业技术推广管理办公室,广东东莞523010

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2017年第1期136-143,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(No.2015A020209002);东莞市社会科技发展项目(No.2014108101044)

摘　　要：荷花腐败病发生普遍,对荷花生产危害巨大,已成为制约中国荷花产业持续发展的重要障碍。为明确中国荷花腐败病菌(Fusarium commune)的生物学特性及遗传分化情况,本文采用藕块接种法对采自广东、湖南、湖北3个不同地区的病原菌进行致病性测定,研究了不同温度、pH、碳氮源对病原菌菌丝生长的影响,同时利用rDNA IGS基因序列对采自不同地区的荷花腐败病菌株进行了系统发育分析。结果表明,荷花腐败病菌对温度、pH等适应范围广,温度在15~35℃,pH4~9均能生长,最适生长温度为25℃,最佳pH值为7,且能利用多种碳氮源。不同的碳源中,蔗糖和葡萄糖较适合该菌的生长;在供试氮源中,菌丝在蛋白胨的基础培养基上生长最快,在尿素的基础培养基上生长最慢;当温度为15、20、30或35℃时,湖北的菌株平均菌落直径最大;当pH值为4.0~5.0时,广东菌株的平均菌落直径较大,当pH值为7.0~9.0时,来自湖北的菌株菌落直径最大。不同地区的病原菌间致病力存在一定差异,基于rDNA IGS的系统发育分析表明,不同地区的病原菌株间存在一定的遗传分化,其中广东菌株与湖南菌株亲缘关系较近(同源性高达99.7%),遗传距离为0.003;而广东菌株与湖北菌株的亲缘关系较远(同源性为97.3%),遗传距离为0.027。Rhizome rot disease of lotus, which had occurred widely, not only caused severe damage to lotus production, but also became one Of the major obstacles to the sustaining development of lotus industry in China. To clarity the biological characteristics and genetic differentiation of Fusarium commune, the causal agent of lotus rhizome rot, pathogenicity test, biological factors （temperature, pH value, carbon and nitrogen sources） and phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA IGS gene were studied. The results showed that F. commune could grow from 15 to 35 ℃, and the optimal temperature was 25 ℃. It grew well from pH 4 to 9, and the optimal pH was 7. It could also utilize many substances as carbon and nitrogen sources. Among tested sucrose, saccharose and glucose were the best carbon sources for the growth of F. commune, peptone was the most suitable nitrogen source while ureal was the worst. When the cultivation temperature was 15, 20, 30 or 35 ℃, Hubei isolates had the largest colony diameter. Guangdong isolates had the largest colony diameter from pH 4 to 5, and Hubei isolates had the largest colony diameter from pH 7 to 9. Pathogenicity differentiation was existed between pathogen strains from different regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there was obvious genetic differentiation between these isolates from different provinces. Guangdong isolates has the similarity of 99.7% to Hunan isolates and the genetic distance between two provinces was 0.003. Whereas, Guangdong isolates presented 97.3% similarity to Hubei isolates and the genetic distance between two provinces was 0.027.

关 键 词：荷花腐败病 病原菌 生物学特性 rDNA-IGS序列 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]