乌鲁木齐城市化进程对局地气候变化的影响研究  

Effect of Urbanization on Local Climate Change in Urumqi

作　　者：韩文堂 陈学刚[1,2] 孙蓉花 HAN Wentang CHEN Xuegang SUN Ronghua(School of Geography and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China Key Laboratory of Arid Region Lake Environment and Resource of Xinjiangy,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2016年第6期54-58,共5页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161029)资助

摘　　要：利用1976—2014年乌鲁木齐城区和郊区两个气象站的气温、降水、相对湿度和风速气象数据及1995—2014年乌鲁木齐市城市发展数据,运用线性趋势对比分析城区和郊区各气候要素的年际变化特征;采用相关分析法对城市化因子和气候要素进行了探讨。结果表明:城、郊区气温均呈明显的上升趋势,城区的年均气温高于郊区;城区降水量是郊区的3.93倍,增长速率是郊区的3.98倍;各年代城区相对湿度比郊区大,但呈下降趋势,郊区呈上升趋势;各年代郊区风速大于城区,郊区风速约为城区的2.35倍,均呈下降趋势。近20 a,乌鲁木齐城市化进程加快,对局地气候影响明显,其中对平均气温和相对湿度的影响最为显著。Based on the meteorological data from 1976 to 2014, the air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed was obtained from two meteorological stations in urban area and suburb, and the statistical data of the urban development during 1995-2014 in Urumqi, this study used the method of linear trend analysis to analyze and compare the inter-annual variation characteristics of climatic factors between urban and suburban areas, and discussed the relationship between urbanization and climate factors by correlation analysis. The results showed that urban area and suburb temperature increasing significantly, while the average annual temperature in the urban area is higher than the suburbs, and rainfall is 3.93 times, the growth rate of the city is 3.98 times that of the suburbs. The humidity of urban area is relatively higher than that of suburb, but it showed a declining tendency, the humidity of suburb is on the rise. Wind speed in the suburb is greater than the urban area, wind speed is about 2,35 times that of the suburbs, showing a falling trend. Urbanization process is accelerated in Urumqi in the past two decades , evidently influenced on the local climate, especially on the average temperature and relative humidity.

关 键 词：城市化 气候变化 相关分析法 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]