三甲医院临床护士心理资本现状及其影响因素的研究  

Status of psychological capital of clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals and its influencing factors

作　　者：刘卓[1] 尚文涵 王兰[3] 谷洪涛[4] 李晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院普外一病房,100034 [2]国家卫生计生委医院管理研究所护理中心,北京100191 [3]北京大学第一医院护理部,100034 [4]北京大学第一医院普通外科,100034

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2016年第30期4326-4330,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：北京大学第一医院2015年院级科研基金项目（2015HL039）

摘　　要：目的：调查临床一线护士心理资本现状,分析影响心理资本的因素,为临床护理管理者提供提高护士心理资本的理论依据。方法采用自行编制的一般情况调查表和心理资本问卷（ PCQ）中文修订版,对北京市某三级甲等医院的1095名临床护士进行问卷调查,应用方差分析及多元线性回归探讨护士心理资本的影响因素。结果临床护士心理资本平均得分为（4.15±0.68）分,各维度得分由高到低依次为自我效能（4.26±0.92）分、希望（4.21±0.89）分、韧性（4.20±0.70）分、乐观（3.93±0.61）分；不同职称、编制、工作年限、科室、年龄的护士心理资本得分比较差异有统计学意义（F值分别为8.688,7.028,2.709,3.986,3.852；P〈0.01）。多元线性回归显示,职称、科室、年龄是影响护士心理资本的因素。结论护士心理资本处于中等水平以上,护理管理者应重点关注特定年龄群体、儿科、监护室护士的心理资本水平,并采取相关措施提高其心理资本水平。Objective To investigate the status of nurses′ psychological capital and analyze its influencing factors, to provide theoretical basis for improving nurses′ psychological capital for clinical nursing managers. Methods A total of 1 095 nurses in a Beijing tertiary hospital were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire about general information and psychological capital questionnaire （ PCQ ） of Chinese version. Variance analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the influencing factors of nurses′psychological capital.Results The mean score of psychological capital was （4.15±0.68）, and the scores of dimensions from high to low were：self-efficacy （4.26±0.92）, hope （4.21±0.89）, toughness （4.20±0.70） and optimism （3.93±0.61）. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the score of psychological capital in nurses with different titles, authorized strength, working time, departments and ages were significantly different （ F=8. 688,7.028,2.709,3. 986,3.852;P〈0.01）.Conclusions Theoverall nurses′ psychological capital is in the middle-high level. Nursing managers should pay more attention to the special groups, and take measures to improve their psychological capital.

关 键 词：临床护士 心理资本 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]