亚硫酸盐预处理棕榈鞘分级制备纳米纤维素  

Preparation of Nanocellulose from Palm Sheaths by Sulfite Pretreatment

作　　者：徐威宇 彭洋洋[1] 付时雨[1] 刘浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《造纸科学与技术》2016年第6期6-11,共6页Paper Science & Technology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金重点项目(2014A030311030)

摘　　要：棕榈鞘经亚硫酸盐预处理分级的方式实现了纤维束组分和薄壁细胞组分的分离,并分别经亚氯酸法去除木素。用TEMPO氧化对综纤维素进行预处理,并经高压均质得到纳米纤维素。无论是薄壁细胞,还是纤维(来自纤维束)在氧化前后的形态变化较小。氧化后薄壁细胞和纤维表面的羧基含量明显增加,且纤维氧化的羧基多于薄壁细胞氧化的羧基。由纤维制取的纳米微纤长于薄壁细胞制取的纳米微纤。棕榈鞘纤维和薄壁细胞经TEMPO氧化后的纤维素结晶度有不同程度的提高,但高压均质后测定的结晶度有所下降。棕榈鞘纤维和薄壁细胞制取的纳米微纤的热稳定性都小于其相应的综纤维素,而且,薄壁细胞纳米微纤热稳定性低于纤维束纳米微纤。The separation of the components of fibre bundle and parenchyma cell components were realized through the way of sulfite pretreatment classification from palm sheaths, and holocelluloses were obtained by chlorite then nanocelluloses were obtained by pretreating holocellulose with TEMPO -oxidation and high pressure homogeneous. Fiber analyzers showed that, fibre bundle and parenchyma cell had little changes in fiber morphology. Conductance titration analysis showed that, the carboxylic acid groups of fibre bundle and parenchyma cell increased after TEM- PO -oxidation and those of fibre bundle were more. Transmission electron microscopy showed that, the nanocellu-loses mean fiber length of fibre bundle was longer than that of parenchyma cell. X - Ray Diffraction showed that the crystallinity of fibre bundle and parenchyma cell had been improved to some extent after TEMPO -oxidation, the crystallinity had decreased obviously behind high pressure homogeneous. The thermal stability of nanocelluloses of fibre bundle and parenchyma cell were less than that of their holocelluloses, and parenchyma cell nanocellulose had lower thermal stability than fibre bundle nanocellulose.

关 键 词：棕榈鞘 纤维束 薄壁细胞 纳米纤维素 

分 类 号：TS713[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]