山东省在校大学生呼吸系统疾病预防行动调查及其影响因素分析  

Investigation of prevention action and influencing factors of respiratory diseases among college students of Shandong Province

作　　者：张中文[1] 石德文[2] 董秀芬[2] 玄海燕[3] 张风[2] 钟少鑫 Zhang Zhongwen Shi Dewen Dong Xiufen Xuan Haiyan Zhang Feng Zhong Shaoxin(School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China Periodical Department, Binzhou Medical University School of Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院公共卫生与管理学院,烟台264003 [2]滨州医学院期刊部 [3]兰州理工大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国医院统计》2016年第6期406-408,共3页Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics

基　　金：山东省统计科研重点课题(KT16244);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2016WS0009)

摘　　要：目的：调查大学生对呼吸系统疾病的预防行动状况,探究其影响因素,为高校制定健康教育政策提供参考。方法采用现场调查的方法,对来自山东大学、山东工商学院、滨州医学院、泰山医学院等高校的学生进行问卷调查,分析在校大学生呼吸系统疾病的预防行动状况并探究其影响因素。结果医学类与非医学类学生相比,日吸烟量较低,差别具有统计学意义（Z=-2.630,P〈0.05）；长时间使用电脑电视的构成比较低,差别具有统计学意义（Z=-2.923, P〈0.05）。但和非医学类学生相比,医学类学生参与体育锻炼的频率也较低（Z=-2.961,P〈0.05）,使用保健品或营养补充剂的构成比也较低,差别具有统计学意义（χ^2=9.908,P〈0.05）。同时医学类和非医学类学生经常熬夜（一周熬夜超过4天）的构成比均超过70%,差别无统计学意义（Z=-0.494,P〉0.05）。由自制量表计算调查对象预防行动得分,经逐步回归分析发现,女大学生、非医学类专业学生以及有直系亲属在医疗卫生机构工作的学生预防行动得分较高,差别具有统计学意义。结论医学类学生在掌握更多的呼吸系统疾病知识的条件下,预防行动尤其是参与体育锻炼的频率低于非医学类专业学生,这可能与医学生课程较多,学习压力较大有关,提示各高校需通过各种途径加强对普通学生呼吸系统疾病的健康教育。Objective To study the prevention action of respiratory diseases in college students, to explore the influen-cing factors, and to provide reasonable scientific basis for the development of health education policy. Methods Using field in-vestigation, we conducted a questionnaire survey among students from Shandong University, Shandong Institute of Business and Technology, Binzhou Medical College, Taishan Medical College in order to analyze prevention action score of respiratory system disease and explore its influencing factors. Results Compared with non-medical students, medical students smoked less, and the difference had statistic significance（Z=-2. 630, P〈0. 05）. The constituent ratio of medical students of using computers and TV was smaller than that of non-medical students, and the difference had statistic significance （Z=-2. 923, P〈0. 05）. But the frequency of taking part in physical exercise of medical students was smaller than that of non-medical students, and the difference had statistic significance （Z=-2. 961, P〈0. 05）. Medical students who used health products or nutritional supplements were less than non-medical students （χ^2=9. 908, P〈0. 05）, and a lot of students stayed up too late no matter what their majors were. Through stepwise regression analysis, prevention action score of girl students, students majored in non-medical and students hav-ing immediate family members work in medical institutions was higher, and the difference had statistic significance. Conclusion Respiratory system disease cognitive status of medical students is better than that of ordinary students, but perhaps due to more courses and pressure, their action performance is insufficient, so the school still need to strengthen health education of the respir-atory system disease for ordinary students through various channels.

关 键 词：大学生 呼吸系统疾病 预防行动 健康教育 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]