不同硝酸盐含量菠菜品种的生理差异分析  

Physiological Differences of Spinach Cultivars with Different Nitrate Levels

作　　者：张萌[1,2] 阎君[2] 朱为民[2] 郭世荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第12期2469-2476,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-25-C-03);上海市科技人才计划(14YF1413100;14XD1425100)

摘　　要：采用营养液栽培方式,以4个硝酸盐含量有显著差异的菠菜品种为材料,测定其生长指标(株高、主根长、株幅、柄长、干鲜重和叶面积)、光合色素(叶绿素a、b及类胡萝卜素)含量、光合作用参数(实际光化学量子产率、表观光合电子传递率、光化学猝灭系数、非光化学猝灭系数)、硝酸根吸收速率和硝酸还原酶活性等,研究不同硝酸盐含量基因型品种的生理差异。结果显示:(1)不同基因型菠菜叶片的硝酸盐含量始终存在着巨大差异,且硝酸盐含量与生物量之间没有明显的相关关系,在同样的栽培条件下,生物量大的品种并不代表其硝酸盐含量低。(2)高硝酸盐含量基因型菠菜品种的光合色素含量较低,光合作用效率较差,硝酸吸收速率较高,硝酸还原酶活性较低;而低硝酸盐含量基因型菠菜品种的光合色素含量较高,光合作用较强,硝酸吸收速率较低,硝酸还原酶活性较高。(3)低硝酸盐含量基因型品种SL-06-13的综合评价最好,可以作为选育低硝酸含量菠菜品种的材料。研究表明,菠菜硝酸盐含量的基因型差异产生的原因可能是受硝酸盐吸收和转运的共同影响。The four spinach varieties with significant differences in the content of nitrate under nutrient solution culture were used as materials.The growth indexes（plant height,root length,plant width,stem length,dry weight,fresh weight and leaf area）,photosynthetic pigments（chlorophyll a,B and carotenoid）,photosynthetic parameters（Yield,ETR,qPand q N）,nitrate uptake rate and nitrate reductase activity were determined,and the physiological differences of different genotypes were studied.The results showed that：（1）The nitrate content of spinach leaves with different genotype materials is always different,and there is no significant correlation between nitrate content and biomass.Under the same cultivation conditions,the varieties with large biomass does not mean that the nitrate content is low.（2）The spinach with high nitrate content were lower in photosynthetic pigments,photosynthesis,and nitrate reductase activity;and higher in nitrate uptake rate.The spinach with low nitrate content had higher photosynthetic pigment content,photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activity;and nitrate uptake rate were lower.（3）Among them,the comprehensive evaluation of the low nitrate content genotype SL-06-13 was thebest,which could be used as the material for the selective breeding of spinach cultivars with low nitrate content.In conclusion,the difference of nitrate content in different spinach genotypes is probably due to the effect of nitrate uptake and transport.

关 键 词：菠菜 硝酸盐含量 基因型差异 生理机制 

分 类 号：Q945.18[生物学—植物学]