我国23家耐火材料生产企业尘肺病风险评估研究  

Risk assessment of pneumoconiosis in 23 refractory production enterprises in China

作　　者：高子清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院职业危害研究所,北京100029 [2]国家安全监管总局尘毒危害预防与控制技术重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第23期3191-3194,3197,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAK40B01;2015BAK40B02)

摘　　要：目的比较分析国际采矿与金属委员会与罗马尼亚劳动和社会保障部(ICMM与MLSP)的2种风险评估方法在耐火材料生产企业尘肺病风险评估中的适用性,探索适合耐火材料生产企业尘肺病风险评估的模型。方法随机选取23家耐火材料生产企业为研究对象,重点调查破碎、配料、混料、成型4个岗位,采集粉尘浓度数据,并进行2种风险评估。结果 4个重点岗位总尘(呼尘)超标率分别为100%(100%)、100%(100%)、83.33%(100%)、77.78%(77.78%)。4个重点岗位Ⅲ期矽肺风险用ICMM定量法判定为不可容忍,ICMM矩阵法判定为高风险,MLSP法判定为高风险。尘肺病风险评估结果得到现场检测结果、粉尘作业分级结果以及相关文献报道的验证。结论考虑到管控从严、避免主观偏倚等原因,ICMM风险评估方法在耐火材料生产企业尘肺病风险评估上有一定的优势。[Objective] To explore suitable pneumoconiosis risk assessment model in refractory production enterprises by comparatively analyzing the applicability of ICMM risk assessment method and Romania occupational accident and occupational risk assessment method（MLSP） for pneumoconiosis risk assessment in refractory production enterprises.[Methods]23 refractory production enterprises were randomly selected,to investigate four posts of crushing,distributing,mixing and forming.The dust concentration data were collected,and two risk assessments were conducted.[Results]The excessive rate of total dust（respiratory dust） concentration in four posts was 100%（100%）,100%（100%）,100%（83.33%）,and 77.78%（77.78%）,respectively. Phase Ⅲ silicosis risks of four posts were intolerablejudged by ICMM quantitative method,and were both high judged by ICMM matrix method and MLSP method.Pneumoconiosis risk assessment results were verified by field test results,dust operation classification results as well as the related reports.[Conclusion]In consideration of strict control and avoiding subjective bias, ICMM risk assessment method has advantages on pneumoconiosis risk assessment in refractory production enterprises.

关 键 词：耐火材料 尘肺 职业健康 风险评估 评估方法 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]