天山山脉强降水云宏微观物理属性的空间分布特征  

Spacial distribution of macro and micro physical properties of clouds during heavy rains over Tianshan Mountains

作　　者：王旭[1] 张嘉伟[2] 马禹[3] 陈勇航[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区人工影响天气办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2016年第6期1153-1161,共9页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府重大专项<新疆吐鲁番哈密地区空中云水资源开发利用>课题(新疆三大山系水汽总量的遥感监测与评估;新疆对流性天气的时空分布特征及其原因)资助

摘　　要：天山山脉是新疆重要的水源地,分析这一区域降水云的宏观和微观物理属性的垂直和水平分布,对于科学高效地开展人工增水作业具有重要意义。利用CloudSat和Aqua卫星资料对天山山脉3次强降水过程云高、云厚、冰粒子等效半径和直径(IER、IED)、水粒子等效半径(LER)、冰水含量(IWC)、液态水含量(LWC)、冰水路径(IWP)、液态水路径(LWP)的分析表明:(1)天山山脉强降水云分布在0.9~9.4 km范围内,天山东、西部云底偏低、云体偏厚,而中部云底偏高、云体偏薄。降水云占有率天山中部、东部分别为5%,西部为15.6%。(2)天山山脉强降水云IER以0~60μm为主,LER以0~5μm为主,IWC和LWC集中在0~50 mg·m^(-3),强降水云从低层到高层这些微物理量的低值段占优势,天山山脉西部、中部这些微物理量的低值段随高度呈单峰分布,西部和中部峰值分别出现在云层下部和中上部;天山山脉东部这些微物理量的低值段随高度呈双峰分布,极大值出现在云层下部和上部。(3)天山南脉、天山西部强降水云的IED较小,而天山中部、东部较大;天山中部云的LER较大,天山东部、西部、天山南脉较小;IWP从大到小依次排序为中部、东部、西部、天山南脉;天山中部云的LWP略大于天山西部和东部,天山南脉最小。The Tianshan Mountains are an important source of water in Xinjiang,China. The analysis of vertical and horizontal distribution of cloud properties in macro and micro level can provide great significance to carry out artificial precipitation enhancement scientifically and efficiently. The cloud height,cloud thickness,ice particle equivalent radius/diameters（IER,IED）,the water particle equivalent radius（LER）,ice water content（IWC）,liquid water content（LWC）,ice water path（IWP）and liquid water path（LWP）for 3 heavy rainfalls processes in the Tianshan Mountains were analyzed by using CloudSat and Aqua satellite data（IER,IED）. The results showed as follows：（1）The cloud of heavy rainfalls in the Tianshan Mountains area was in the range of0.9-9.4 km,the cloud bottom was relative lower and the cloud was relative thicker in the eastern and western parts while the cloud bottom was relative higher and the cloud was relative thinner in the central area. Precipitation ratios for the central area,eastern and western parts were 5%,5% and 15.6%,respectively.（2）The IER,LER,IWC and LWC for the cloud of heavy rainfalls were 0-60 μm,0-5 μm,0-50 mg·m^（-3）and 0-50 mg·m^（-3）,respectively. In vertical direction,low vales of these micro physical properties of clouds were in a dominant position from lower layer to upper layer and unimodal distribution was observed in western part and the central area while peaks were appeared in the bottom and upper part of clouds for western and central area. At same time,bimodal distribution was observed for eastern part and the maximum value appeared in the bottom and upper of clouds.（3）IED of clouds of heavy rainfalls was smaller in the southern and western part while it was bigger in central area and eastern part. LER was larger in the central area while it was smaller in eastern,western and southern parts. IWP changed from larger to smaller according to the central area,eastern part,western part and southern part. The LWP value in central area was

关 键 词：CloudSat/Aqua 云宏观和微观物理量 强降水 垂直和水平分布 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]