鼻麻风的临床分析  

Clinical analysis of nasal leprosy

作　　者：冯燚源 杨洪斌[1] 甘卫刚[1] 杨靓[1] 

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》2016年第6期480-483,共4页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery

摘　　要：目的通过总结鼻麻风的临床特征,为临床早期诊断和临床治疗提供依据与指导。方法报道一例鼻麻风,结合文献分析其临床特征、诊断和治疗。结果鼻麻风是由麻风分枝杆菌感染鼻黏膜致病,主要病损包括鼻黏膜浸润性增生肥厚、鼻麻风结节占位、鼻部骨质破坏致残致畸、全身片状皮损、周围神经炎等。鼻腔分泌物与组织抗酸染色可查见麻风杆菌及组织病理检查确诊。鼻腔手术加联合化疗可临床治愈。结论鼻麻风是细菌感染性、慢性传染性、肉芽肿性疾病,可引起鼻腔多种症状体征、全身皮损、周围神经损害甚至致残致畸,但早期症状往往不典型,临床易误诊漏诊。早期诊断,手术治疗和联合化疗是临床治疗关键。Objective To provide basis and guidance for early clinical diagnosis and treatment by summarizing the clinical features of leprosy. Methods One case of nasal leprosy confirmed by pathology and AFB stain was presented. Combined with literatures review, the clinical features, laboratory examination, diagnosis and treatment of this disease were analyzed. Results Nasal leprosy was an infectious disease caused by nasal mucosa infection with Mycobacterium leprae. Its main lesions included nasal mucosa hypertrophy, nasal leproma, nasal bone destruction and malformation, body skin lesion and peripheral neuritis. The diagnosis was relied on AFB stain and pathology. Clinical cure of this disease could be achieved by nasal surgery combined with chemotherapy. Conclusions Nasal leprosy is a bacterium-infected chronic infectious and granulomatous disease with a variety of symptoms and signs involving nasal cavity, body skin, peripheral nerve, even malformation. Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of this disease are easy to occur due to its atypical early symptoms and signs. Early diagnosis, nasal surgery combined with chemotherapy are essential for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：鼻麻风 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R765.2[医药卫生—临床医学]