广东省湛江市疟疾流行与防治历程及消除措施评价  

Evaluation of malaria epidemic situation,prevention course,and elimination measures in Zhanjiang of Guangdong

作　　者：何健[1] 徐小燕[1] 陈艳[1] 冯志[1] 林燕清[1] 冯一帆[1] 何宇驰 庞富南 苏华瑜 卢秀萍[1] 连文[1] HE Jian XU Xiaoyan CHEN Yan FENG Zhi LIN Yanqing FENG Yifan HE Yuchi PANG Funan SU Huayu LU Xiuping LIAN Wen(Zhanjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524037, Chin)

机构地区：[1]湛江市疾病预防控制中心,广东湛江524037

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第1期79-82,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析湛江市历年疟疾流行情况与防治措施,评估湛江市消除疟疾工作成绩,为消除疟疾达标后科学指导疟疾防治工作提供依据。方法对湛江市1950—2015年疟疾防治疫情数据、防治策略与措施等资料进行描述性分析。根据国家卫生计生委《消除疟疾考核评估方案(2014版)》和按照广东省卫生计生委《关于印发广东省消除疟疾考核评估实施细则(2014版)》,从6大方面对消除疟疾工作进行评估。结果 1950—2015年间疟疾年发病率分析显示:1950—1955年疟疾发病率呈上升趋势,1956—1960年略有下降,1954年发病率达历史最高峰,达9 665.47/10万。1970—1996年开展大规模抗疟工作后,发病率总体呈下降趋势,再无本地感染疟疾死亡病例发生;1972年消灭了恶性疟;1989年通过省级基本消除疟疾考核;1997—2001年发病率控制在1/10万以下。2002年后均以输入性、散发性病例为主,年发病率均在0.2/10万以下。消除疟疾阶段(2011—2015年),湛江市建立多部门联防联控工作机制,按照《广东省消除疟疾实施方案》要求开展消除疟疾和巩固工作,乡镇卫生院以上117间医疗机构100%设立疟疾镜检站,"三热"病人疟原虫血检共29 886人,平均年度血检率达到总人口0.71‰,其中发现阳性17例,均为境外输入性病例。近年发现本地主要传疟媒介为中华按蚊,个别县(市、区)有少量微小按蚊。结论 2016年湛江市通过省级考核评估,达到国家消除疟疾标准,今后工作重点主要是加强境外输入性疟疾病例和传疟媒介监测,及时做好疫点处置。Objective To analyze the prevalence and control measures of malaria in Zhanjiang, and to assess the malariaelimination work, we provided scientific basis for malaria control after achievement of malaria elimination standard. Methods The data of malaria control, strategies and measures in Zhanjiang from 1950 to 2015 were analyzed descriptively. According to＂examination and evaluation program on malaria elimination（2014 edition）＂announced by the National Health and FamilyPlanning Commission, and＂implementing regulations of examination and evaluation program on malaria elimination inGuangdong Province（2014 edition）＂announced by Guangdong Health and Family Planning Commission, malaria eliminationwork was assessed from six aspects. Results Annual analysis of incidence rate of malaria during 1950 to 2015 showed thatthe incidence rate of malaria was on the rise, 1950-1955,and it declined slightly in 1956 to 1960.The incidence rate of malariacame to the historical climax of 9 665.47/100 000 in 1954.Since exerting massive measure of anti- malaria,incidence rateshowed a general trend of descending, and the death case of local infection did not take place anymore in 1970-1996.Malignantmalaria had been eliminated in 1972, and we passed the provincial- level exam of malaria basic elimination in 1989.Theincidence rate was controlled below 1/100 000 in 1997-2001. Introduced cases and sporadic cases were the main pathogens ofmalaria, and all the annual incidence rate was below 0.2/100 000, since 2002. In the stage of malaria elimination during 2011 to 2015,Zhanjiang government established multisectoral joint prevention and control mechanism,according to the requirementsin‘Implementation Plan of Malaria Elimination in Guangdong Province＇and carried out process of malaria elimination andconsolidation,117 medical institutions above village and township hospitals established microscopy stations of malaria for100%,the Plasmodium blood tests were performed in 29 886 patients of‘three kinds of heat＇with the numb

关 键 词：疟疾 流行 防治 消除 评价 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]