染色体重排与物种分化  

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Species Differentiation

作　　者：张得芳[1,2] Zhang Defang(Research Institute of Forestry, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院林业研究所青海高原林木遗传育种实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海大学三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第1期279-289,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金青年项目(2015-ZJ-926Q);青海省重大科技专项(2015-NK-A2)共同资助

摘　　要：染色体重排和人类的一些遗传性疾病有很大的关系,同时也是一些动植物的物种形成和分化的重要原因。随着近年来在二代测序技术基础上的比较基因组学的发展,近缘物种间的染色体重排的研究越来越受到关注。本评述总结了染色体重排产生的方式,基本类型及各自的细胞学和遗传学效应,举例说明了染色体重排在物种分化和新物种形成中的作用并介绍了染色体重排事件的研究方法和进展。通过这些信息,我们想为物种进化和分子标记辅助育种方面的研究人员提供参考和借鉴。Chromosomal rearrangements often caused some of human genetic diseases, and also played important roles in speciation and differentiation in some species of animal and plant. In recent years with the development of comparison of genomics based on the second generation sequencing technology, the studies on chromosomal rearrangements of related species are getting more and more attention. In this study, we summarized the origin,types, cytology and genetics effects of chromosomal rearrangement, illustrated the role of chromosomal rearrangements in species differentiation with some instances. Also we presented the main methods in chromosomal rearrangements study. Through these information, we wanted to provide reference for researchers in species differentiation and molecular marker assistant breeding about genome differences.

关 键 词：染色体重排 物种分化 遗传学效应 细胞学效应 

分 类 号：Q343.2[生物学—遗传学]