当地方治理体制遇到协商民主——基于温岭“民主恳谈”制度的长时段演化研究  

When Local Governance System Meets Deliberative Democracy——Based on Case Study of "Deliberative Discussion" System Evolution in Wenling City

作　　者：林雪霏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院,北京100872

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2017年第1期14-26,共13页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助课题(2015M580161)

摘　　要：基层协商民主的制度化过程高度依赖于地方治理体制的整合能力和适应程度,它不仅关系到该制度能否持久、有效地运行,也影响到协商民主作为规范性理念的践行程度。本研究以持续了十七年之久的温岭"民主恳谈"制度为具体案例,构建了基于体制自主性、科层惯性与机构动力三个层面的"地方治理体制整合度"分析框架,以此剖析在"民主恳谈"统一称谓下三种不同协商模式的演化过程。由此得出的基本结论是:(1)体制内的基层治理导向与协商民主理念是两种向度的诉求,既不截然对立,也不完全吻合,需要以具体制度为载体,在科层结构运行中进行整合;(2)仅凭借主政者的政治压力不足以保障协商民主制度的持续运行,还需要整个治理体制的配合,否则科层组织的惯性将会削弱或消解制度内在的改革价值;(3)地方治理体制的适应性也可能源自内部组织的积极性,通过激活体制内相关组织的活力能够为协商民主运行寻找到阻力更小、成效更显著的渐进式发展路径。The institutionalization of deliberative democracy at the grass-root level is highly depended on the integration and adaptability of local governance system. The objective of this paper is to illustrate how local governance system influences the implementation and institutionalization of deliberative democracy. An exploratory case study of Wenling Democratic Consultation which run last seventeen years was conducted, especially the evolution of three different deliberative model all in the name of Democratic Consultation. The analysis reveals that there are two different appeals between the governance of local political system and the idea of deliberative democracy, which is in need of specific institutions to integrate them. And the institutionalized exercise of deliberative democracy not only needs the political pressures but also the cooperation of the whole governance system, or the bureaucratic inertia will weaken the effectiveness of the reform. Meanwhile the adaptability of local governance system can also stem from the activity of internal organization and activate the relevant internal organizations will be an incremental development with less resistance and remarkable affections. This study brings 'local governance system' as an core factor into the research of delib-erative democracy at the grass-root level and builds an analytical framework of the integration of local governance system including three aspects of the system autonomy, bureaucratic inertia and organizational motivation, but the analysis and finding are based on one-case study and need to collect more case to do further validation. In the nationwide enthusiasm on the innovation and exercise of deliberative democracy at the grass-root level, the findings promote in the institutional creation of deliberative democracy,it is important not only to activating local officials and internal organization but also to reorganize the administrative system including management process, incentive mechanism and coordination with current institutions.

关 键 词：地方治理体制 基层协商民主 整合程度 制度化 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]