FY-3B/MWHS性能参数在轨实时监测  

In-orbit Performance Analysis on Monitoring Typhoon with FY-3B/MWHS

作　　者：何杰颖[1] 张升伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心微波遥感技术重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2016年第6期709-715,共7页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：中国科协青年托举工程(2015QNRC001);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2016136)

摘　　要：2010年11月5日发射的风云三号B星（FY-3B）是我国第2代极轨气象卫星的第2颗星。其上装载的微波湿度计（MWHS）在183 GHz水汽吸收线设计了3个大气探测通道,在大气窗区150 GHz设置了双极化通道。该文主要对FY-3B微波湿度计系统进行介绍,分析其在轨5年的性能,对仪器在轨关键性能参数进行了长时间序列分析,结果表明：仪器各通道灵敏度均优于0.4 K,其中通道1,2,4,5的灵敏度优于0.3 K,定标精度稳定在0.3～0.55 K,未出现恶化现象,同类型在轨载荷星下点处匹配数据交叉比对,相关系数优于96%。分析表明,该仪器在轨性能和数据质量均优于FY-3A微波湿度计。同时,利用微波湿度计实测数据,着重分析2015年6—7月若干台风的生成、演化、增强和消亡的整个过程,并对台风区域强降雨监测进行分析。Fengyun 3B meteorological satellite（FY-3B） is the second generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite,which is launched on 5 Nov 2010.Microwave humidity sounder（MWHS） is one important sensor onboard FY-3B and begins to work since 11 Nov 2011.MWHS is a five-channel total power microwave radiometer,which has 3 channels operating at 183 GHz and two dual-polarized channels working at150 GHz（window frequencies）.For channels of 150 GHz and 183.31 GHz,the angle resolution is 1.1°,making the resolution 15 km at nadir pixel.One motor drives two separated reflectors for 5 channels,and the scanning period is2.667 s.Main beams of the antenna scan over the observing swath（＋ 53.35° from nadir,2600 km） at a constant periodicity of 1.71 s.During each period,two-point calibration is performed to calibrate the receiver gain and noise.A quantitative evaluation on the stability of the MWHS post-launch performance is carried out,which indicates the MWHS onboard FY-3B is improved comparing with that on FY-3A.Case assessment shows the MWHS can provide typhoon information,including the procedure of generating,developing and weakening as well as the rainfall caused by typhoon.During typhoon Linfa,Chan-hom and Nangka in 2015,high quality data are achieved,and the typhoon eye areas are clearly monitored with the aid of FY-3B MWHS.For precipitation,the scattering at frequencies around 150 GHz（dual-polarized） and 183 GHz result in significant brightness temperature depressions.According to the distributions of brightness temperature differences of channel 1 minus channel 5,channel 1 minus channel 2,and channel 3 minus channel 5,the precipitation and rain detection can be derived using neural network method.These quantitative assessment may provide reference for application of MWHS observations.

关 键 词：风云三号B星 微波湿度计(MWHS) 在轨性能 灵敏度 台风监测 

分 类 号：P407.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]