俄国二月革命后立国未竟与“十月”的选择——从国家建构的视角看十月革命的缘起  

State Construction Unfinished and the Choice of the "October" after the Russian February Revolution——On the Origin of the October Revolution from the Perspective of State-building

作　　者：王鹏[1] 罗嗣炬 

机构地区：[1]同济大学马克思主义学院 [2]上海市松江区人大研究室

出　　处：《社会科学》2017年第2期3-19,共17页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"从苏联国家建立到解体看20世纪社会主义国家政权建设的教训"(项目编号:14BKS065)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：紧随革命而来通常都是推进政体转换、实现国家建构。二月革命伊始,自由派就推动沙皇建立向杜马负责的政府,希望通过君主立宪或是有限君主制,以消弭革命、拯救帝国。他们促成了沙皇逊位,却无意间终结了君主制,"成就"了革命,提议产生了临时政府。临时政府本应尽快召开其所允诺的立宪会议,完成制宪立国的任务。然而,临时政府无意、也无能为之,国家政权问题迟迟未决,不但使其自身权力和权威始终是临时的、过渡的,还使革命后俄国陷入完全的无政府、崩溃和瓦解状态。为此,布尔什维克党人发动十月武装起义,以建立工农民主专政的新型苏维埃共和国,完成二月革命未竟的建国任务。Since the advent of revolution is usually to have polity shift and finish the state-build- ing. At the beginning of the February Revolution, Liberals had been pushing the Tsar to establish the re- sponsible government to Duma, hoping through the constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy to eliminate the revolution and save the Tsar＇s empire. They contributed to the Tsar＇s abdication, but inad- vertently ended the monarchy, achieved the revolution, and proposed to establish the provisional gov- ernment. The Provisional Government should have convened the Constituent Assembly as promised as soon as possible to complete the task of constitutional state. However, the Provisional Government had no intention and no ability to finish it. The problem of the state-building was still pending, this not only made the Provisional Government＇s own power and authority be always temporary and transitional, but also brought Russia into complete anarchy, collapsing and disintegration after the February Revolution. Then Bolsheviks launched the armed uprising in october, to establish a new soviet republic of the demo- cratic dictatorship of workers and peasants, and complete the February Revolution＇s unfinished state- building task.

关 键 词：二月革命 临时政府 无政府状态 国家建构 十月革命 

分 类 号：D15[政治法律—政治学]