土壤风蚀集沙仪数值模拟与降速性能分析  

Numerical Simulation and Deceleration Performance Analysis of Soil Wind Erosion Sand Sampler

作　　者：商晓彬 陈智[1] 宋涛[1] 常佳丽[1] 仇义 陈利杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2017年第2期38-41,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41361058;41161045)

摘　　要：集沙仪是研究土壤风蚀的一种重要装置,是观测风沙流结构和研究风沙运动规律的关键设备。为获得大量而精确的风蚀数据,需要不断地对集沙仪进行创新和优化设计。通过GAMBIT软件建模,以排气口最高风速、平均风速和排沙口最高风速、平均风速为目标函数,优化设计了排气管长度参数、排气管直径参数、排沙口距离参数、排沙口直径参数等,利用FLUENT软件对分流对冲式集沙仪进行仿真模拟,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型对分流对冲式集沙仪进行数值分析,得到结论:排气口最高风速受排气管长度影响很大,平均风速基本不受排气管长度影响;排气口最高风速、平均风速基本不受排沙口直径影响;排沙口最高风速与排沙口直径有关,随排沙口直径的增大逐渐降低,当排沙口直径增大到一定值时,排沙口最高风速不再下降,在某个值附近波动。Sand sampler is an important device for studying soil erosion and a key equipment to observe sand flow structure and study the laws of wind and sand movement. In order to obtain a rich and precise wind erosion data,it needs to innovate and optimize the design of sand sampler constantly. The paper made optimal design of the parameters of exhaust-pipe diameter,exhaust-pipe length,desilting outlet diameter and desilting outlet distance through the model by GAMBIT and taking the maximum wind speed and the average wind speed of the exhaust-port and the maximum wind speed and the average wind speed of the desilting outlet as the objective function. It simulated the flow of the shunthedging type sand sampler by using FLUENT software and made numerical analysis of the shunt-hedging type sand sampler based on RNG k-εturbulence model. The outcomes show that a) the maximum wind speed of exhaust-port is greatly influenced by the length of exhaust pipe and the average wind speed is basically not affected by the length of exhaust-pipe; b) the maximum wind speed and the average wind speed of exhaust-port is basically not affected by the diameter of desilting outlet and; c) the maximum wind speed of desilting outlet is related with the diameter of desilting outlet. Along with the increase of desilting outlet diameter,the maximum wind speed of desilting outlet decreases. When the diameter of desilting outlet increases to a certain value,the maximum wind speed of desilting outlet is no longer decreased and fluctuated near a value.

关 键 词：土壤风蚀 分流对冲式集沙仪 有限元分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]