滇池湖滨带种子植物物种组成与地理成分分析  

Species compositions and flora analysis of spermatophyta in Dianchi lakeside

作　　者：张雪[1] 申仕康[1] 吴富勤[1,2] 杨冠松 董文婧[1] 刘芳黎[1] 和树庄[3] 王跃华[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650091 [2]云南省林业调查规划院云南省自然保护区研究监测中心,昆明650051 [3]云南大学生态学与环境学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第2期359-366,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07102-003)资助

摘　　要：研究湖滨带植物物种组成及地理分布特征,可以为湖滨带植物地理学、外来物种入侵、人工群落构建、生态恢复与重建等提供科学依据。通过野外实地调查和室内植物标本鉴定与文献资料整理相结合的方法,对滇池湖滨带种子植物的物种组成、多样性和地理成分进行了研究。结果表明:滇池湖滨带种子植物共计124科371属553种,其中云南本土植物370种,外来植物183种。滇池湖滨带种子植物中含10种以上优势科有11科,主要以禾本科、菊科、蔷薇科、唇形科、蝶形花科等草本科为主。科、属组成主要集中在含1~10种的科和含1~5种的属内,表明滇池湖滨带具有较丰富的种子植物多样性。滇池湖滨带植物地理分布较复杂,科的分布以热带分布型(47科)为主,属的分布以热带分布型(151属)与温带分布型(165属)为主,具有由热带分布型向温带分布型过渡的属性。入侵植物共27种,主要来自于热带、亚热带地区(6科/12属)。基于上述调查结果,提出了对滇池湖滨带植被修复与重建工作的建议。Studies on species compositions, diversity and flora characteristics in lakesides can provide a scientific basis for lakeside plant community assembly, ecological restoration and reco-very. In this study, species composition, diversity and flora traits in Dianchi lakeside were studied through field investigation, plant identification, sample collection and literature review. Results indicated that 553 plant species belonging to 124 families and 371 genera were found in the investigated area. Of these plants, 370 species were indigenous and 183 species were alien. Furthermore, 11 dominant families such as Gramineae, Compositae, Rosaceae, Labiatae, and Papilionoideae, which included more than 10 plant species in Dianchi lakeside, were observed. The species composition of the flora was concentrated in the families with 1-10 species and in genera with 1-5 species. These findings indicated the abundant species diversity in Dianchi lakeside. Flora analysis showed that floristic types in the surveyed region exhibited complexity and an evolutionary trend of tropicaltotemperate type. The floristic types of spermatophyta mainly belonged to the families of tropical distribution types （47 families） and to the genera of tropical （151 genera） and temperate （165 genera） distribution types. A total of 27 invasive plants were characterized and they belonged to 6 families and 12 genera mostly from the tropics and subtropics. Based on above analysis, ecological restoration and reconstruction strategies for Dianchi lakeside were also proposed.

关 键 词：湖滨带 植物区系 入侵植物 优势科 群落构建 生态恢复 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]