珍稀植物北碚榕的种子萌发及繁殖研究  

Seed Germination and Propagation of the Rare Plant Species Ficus beipeiensis

作　　者：唐澄莹 张艳玲[1,2] 汪云叶 黄媛[1] 党培[1] 黄毓如 汤绍虎[1,2] TANG Cheng-ying ZHANG Yan-ling WANG Yun-ye HUANG Yuan DANG Pei HUANG Yu-ru TANG Shao-hu(School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China High School Affiliated to Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]西南大学附属中学,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期34-39,共6页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370317);西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(SXKQSYS-ZW-2013001)

摘　　要：以北碚榕种子为材料,研究酸蚀与浸种时间、萌发基质与温度、光照条件和赤霉素处理对种子萌发的影响,通过育苗将幼苗移栽到田间.结果表明,北碚榕种子经酸蚀处理后可以萌发.适宜的酸蚀时间为3~5min,浸种时间为4~8h(30℃),萌发基质为河沙,萌发温度为(25±1)℃(3 000lx每天光照12h).在此条件下,15d发芽率可达90%以上.每天光照24h和300~400mg/L赤霉素(GA3)浸种能显著提高发芽率.幼苗在培养皿蛭石中成苗率达85%以上,在穴盆营养土中和营养钵沙壤土中成活率均达95%以上,田间移栽成活率达100%,生长正常.解决了北碚榕的种子萌发问题,初步获得了育苗技术,为北碚榕的种子繁殖奠定了基础.The natural reproduction of Ficus beipeiensis is difficult and its population is limited.To propagate and cultivate F.beipeiensis,we investigated the effects of acid scarification time of 98% H2SO4（1 min to20min）,warm water（30℃）soaking time（4hto 24h）,germination temperature（20℃to 35℃）,germination media（filter paper,river sand,vermiculite,mixture of sand and vermiculite with a volume ratio of 1∶1）,illumination condition（darkness,12 hand 24hlight at 3 000 lx every day）and seed soaking with GA3（50mg/L to 500mg/L）on seed germination.Then the seedlings were transplanted to the field via seedling production.The results showed that the seed could germinate after acid scarification.The appropriate acid scarification time was 3~5min,the suitable seed soaking time was 4~8hat 30℃,the optimal germination temperature was（25±1）℃ and the best germination matrix was river sand.Under these conditions,the germination percentage of seeds reached more than 90%in 15 days.In addition,full illumination and 300~400mg/L GA3 seed soaking could significantly increase the germination percentage.Seedling survival rate reached above 85%in vermiculite and above 95%in plug and nutrition pots.Transplanted to the field,100% of the seedlings survived in a year and grew vigorously.In conclusion,this experiment has solved the seed germination problem of F.beipeiensis and presented a solution for its seed propagation.

关 键 词：珍稀植物 北碚榕 种子萌发 种子繁殖 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]