类盘式牙轮钻头破岩机理实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON ROCK-BREAKING METHOD OF DISC-LIKE CONE-BIT

作　　者：林敏[1] 刘八仙 杨迎新[1,2] 陈炼[1,3] 刘勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院 [2]油气钻井技术国家工程实验室 [3]西南交通大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2017年第1期11-13,5,共3页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:51374176;51304168);中国石油天然气集团公司科技项目(编号:2013E-3804)

摘　　要：基于盘式钻头破岩机理和镶齿牙轮钻头牙齿材料及固齿特点,提出了针对硬地层的类盘式牙轮钻头技术构想。开展了斧形齿、楔形齿及锥形齿的单齿压入实验、齿圈破岩实验以及类盘式牙轮钻头室内钻进实验。实验结果表明,类盘式钻头的破碎坑井底周向覆盖率高于牙轮钻头,提高了破岩效率,同时避免了盘式钻头因与岩石接触区域大而造成的分压现象,提高了与岩石之间的接触应力,其侵入岩石的能力大幅度增强。因此,类盘式钻头是一种有望在硬岩钻进中比盘式钻头更有效的破岩工具。Based on the rock-breaking mechanism of discbit and the tooth material and tooth fixing of insert cone-bit,this paper puts forward a technical concept of disc-like cone-bit for hard formation. In the research,indoor experiments on singletooth penetration, rock-breaking by circumferential teeth and whole bit drilling are respectively conducted with axe-crest,wedge-crest and conical teeth. The experiment results show that circumferential crushing coverage of the disc-like cone-bit is wider than conventional cone-bits,which increases the rock-breaking efficiency and meanwhile avoids the pressure-loss effects caused by large contacting area so as to increase the contact stress with the rock and enhance the ability of penetrating into the rock. Apparently,the disc-like cone-bit has the potential to be a more efficient tool than common disc-bit in drilling hard formations.

关 键 词：牙轮钻头 盘式钻头 类盘式钻头 滚刀 斧形齿 

分 类 号：TE921.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]