龟兹石窟壁画中的辟支佛形象考辨  

Research on the Images of Pratyekabuddha in the Kucha Caves

作　　者：杨波 

机构地区：[1]新疆龟兹研究院

出　　处：《西域研究》2017年第1期76-86,共11页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区人文社会科学重点研究基地--新疆师范大学新疆民族民间美术研究中心2015年度招标项目(项目编号:XJEDU040815A01)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：龟兹石窟壁画"天相图"中常绘飞腾虚空的穿袈裟者,一般被认为是"立佛",但部分飞行人物却展现了与比丘、佛陀不同的造像特点。通过造像的统计分类、图像比较,我们推测这些身份不确定的人物为辟支佛。在库木吐喇石窟的一类天相图中,出现了反映"三兽渡河"譬喻以及"涅槃城"的画面,这是推断辟支佛身份的有力证据。There are many images of people clothed in robe and flying in the sky in the murals of Kucha Caves and they are identified as standing Buddhas normally. However,some figures have their own characteristics and are not like the Buddha or the Bhiksu. If some differences are found many times,they should be designed by the ancient painters intentionally. In subset analyses,some flying people maybe the Pratyekabuddhas. Some astronomical scenes in Kumtura Caves reflect a metaphor about three animals crossing the river and included the Nirvana City images,they are also the evidences of the view of this article.

关 键 词：天相图 辟支佛 立佛 三兽渡河 涅槃城 龟兹石窟 壁画 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]