发达经济体农地保育政策运作机制及启示  

Operational Mechanisms and Enlightenment of Farmland Conservation Policy in Developed Economy

作　　者：张梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学经济管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《经济纵横》2017年第1期117-122,共6页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家自然基金项目"气候变暖背景下三江平原耕地利用变化及其对粮食产能的影响"(编号:41571167);国家社科基金项目"基于效率改进的黑龙江省农机合作社治理机制与政策导向研究"(编号:13CYZ097);黑龙江省社科基金项目"黑龙江省农民合作社风险识别;评估与防范研究"(编号:15JYB07)的成果

摘　　要：粮食安全的根本在耕地,关键在耕地质量。发达国家在农地保育方面取得了较好的环境效益和社会效益。从政策发展方向看,其农地保育政策与环境政策联系日益密切。在政策运作机制方面,除采用传统的政府规制方法外,发达国家农地保育政策工具不断创新,包括以成本共享或收入补偿为支撑的经济激励机制;个人和集体相结合的合作机制;交叉遵守和承诺机制;农地开发权买断机制;以效率和竞争为导向的管理机制。借鉴发达国家经验,我国可采用多元化及适用性农地保育政策工具;建立以公平为基础、效率为导向的成本分享和收入补偿机制;创新土地总量控制机制;加强对农地保育政策的绩效管理;完善农地保育的法律监管体系。The key to food security lies in cultivated land and the quality of cultivated land. The developed countries have achieved good environmental and social benefits in farmland conservation. From the perspective of policy development, the relationship between farmland conservation policy and environmental policy is becoming closer and closer. In the aspect of the policy operation mechanism, besides the traditional government regulation method, the agricultural policy tool of the developed economy has innovated constantly, including the economic incentive mechanism supported by the cost sharing or the income compensation ; the individual and the collective cooperation mechanism; cross - compliance and commitment mechanisms; the buyout mechanism of the right of farmland development; the efficiency and competition - oriented management mechanism. Based on the experiences of developed economy, China can adopt the policy tools of diversification and applicability of farmland conservation, establish fairness - based, efficiency - oriented cost - sharing and income compensation mechanism, innovate the total amount control system of farmland, strengthen the farmland conservation policy performance management, and improve the legal supervision of farmland conservation system.

关 键 词：农地保育 经济激励 运作机制 

分 类 号：F323.2[经济管理—产业经济]