棕朱雀取食含盐墙土现象的观察  

Observation of the Dark-rumped Rosefinch(Carpodacus edwardsii) Eating Saliferous Wall Soil

作　　者：苏化龙[1] 肖文发[1] 赵玉娟[1] 刘海潮[1] 王建修 颜华 李望洪 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]重庆市开州区林业局,重庆405400

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2017年第1期133-137,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国务院三峡工程建设委员会与国家林业局项目(No.SX2004-025);林业科技支撑计划项目(No.2006BA003A1307)

摘　　要：1996~1998年发现重庆市开县一字梁区域有棕朱雀(Carpodacus edwardsii)分布。此后陆续发现巫山县的葱坪和梨子坪也有棕朱雀分布,但遇见数量和遇见率远低于开县一字梁。调查发现,棕朱雀主要集中分布在海拔较高(1 841~2 560 m)地处僻远的管护站房屋边活动,并在开县一字梁观察到棕朱雀具有偏爱啄食含盐墙土的行为。鉴于当地居民营建房屋时,为了防止蚂蚁入侵,在砌筑石块的泥浆中添加食盐,我们分别对管护站的2所房屋及其附近3所传统民居房屋的墙缝土进行了土样化验分析,管护站的2所房屋墙缝土的含盐量(分别为12.92 mg/g、16.84 mg/g)远高于附近的3所民居房屋(分别为1.31 mg/g、7.18 mg/g、0.53 mg/g)。据此认为,人工盐源很可能是维系该区域棕朱雀种群数量和生境质量的生态因子。From 1996 to 1998, during the implementation of Terrestrial Wildlife and Plant Monitoring Project in the Three Gorgers Reservoir Area, the Dark-rumped Rosefinch（Carpodacus edwardsii） was found in the Yiziliang area of Kaixian County, Chongqing. We also found the Dark-rumped Rosefinch distributed in the Congping and Liziping areas of Wushan County, however, much lower density than the Yiziliang area. These birds inhibited in high altitude area（1 841﹣2 560 m）, with their activities mainly close to the houses of management station in a wilderness area. We often observed these birds pecking on the saliferous wall soil in the Yiziliang area. In order to prevent the ants from invading, during the construction of local traditional dwelling houses, the local people added salt into the mud of the walls. We measured the salt contents of the soil samples from 2 houses of management station（respectively as 12.92 mg/g and 16.84 mg/g） and 3 local folk houses（respectively as 1.31 mg/g, 7.18 mg/g and 0.53 mg/g）, and found the salt contents of houses at the station were much higher than those of the local folk houses. We suggested that the artificial salt source might be an ecological factor to maintain the population quantity and habitat quality for the Dark-rumped Rosefinch.

关 键 词：棕朱雀 吃盐行为 含盐墙土 盐源 重庆开县 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]