天津地区成人急诊患者横断面研究分析  

Analysis of cross-sectional survey for adult emergency patients in Tianjin

作　　者：王力军[1] 余慕明[1] 柴艳芬[1] 无 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院急诊医学科,天津300052 [2]天津市急诊质控中心

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2017年第1期96-101,共6页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查天津地区二、三级医院成人急诊患者流行病学特征，为分级诊疗提供参考。方法采取横断面研究，收集2016年8月30日8时至2016年8月31日8时天津地区50所医院成人急诊患者（≥14岁）的资料，包括姓名、性别、年龄、来院方式、就诊时间和科室、主诉、初步诊断、病情分级及转归。使用χ^2、Fisher’s精确检验或t检验进行组间比较。结果6569例成人急诊患者，内科3964例（60．34％），外科2017例（30．31％）。患者年龄（46．90±18．70）岁（14—99岁）。30—39岁1285例，占19．56％。就诊时间集中在08：00-11：00和17：00-22：00，每小时300例以上。病情分级1、2、3、4级患者分别为83、301、1500、4685例，占1．26％、4．58％、22．83％、71．33％。院前急救患者前3位疾病为外伤124例（35．23％）、神经系统疾病68例（19．32％），心血管系统疾病49例（13．92％）。50．57％的院前急救患者病情程度为3、4级。结论天津地区成人急诊以内、外科患者为主，就诊时间集中，多为非危重患者。院前急救患者多见于外伤、心脑血管疾病，但半数患者生命体征稳定，无需紧急干预。Objective To show epidemiological characteristics of adult emergency patients and to provide data support for grading clinics. Methods Adult emergency patients （older than 14 years） from 50 hospitals in Tianjin were included. Name, gender and age of patients, as well as visiting time/department, chief complaint, severity of the disease, prognosis were considered to cross-sectional survey from 8 ： 00, 30 Aug 2016 to 8： 00, 31 Aug 2016. Chi-squared test, Fisher＇ s exact test, or t test was used to statistical analysis as appropriate. Results Of 6 569 patients, most originated from medical （ n = 3 964, 60. 34% ） and surgical （n = 2 017, 30. 31% ） . Patients＇ average age was 46. 90±18.70 （14- 99） years old and there were more patients aged from 30 to 39 （ n = 1 285, 19. 56% ）. Hospital crowded periods were between 8： 00-11：00 and 17： 00-22： 00. In these periods, average number of patients was more than 300. Concerning the severity of disease, 83 patients （ 1.26% ） were in grade 1 （ the most severe cases）, 301 patients （4. 58% ） in grade 2, 1 500 patients （22. 83% ） in grade 3, and 4 685 patients （71.33%） were in grade 4 （the less severe cases）. Most ambulatory patient represented trauma （n = 124, 35.23% ）, neurological （n = 68, 19.32% ） and cardiovascular （ n = 49, 13.92% ） diseases. However, 50. 57% of them were not considered urgent. Conclusions Most patients visited emergency department were non- urgent and originated from medical and surgical department in Tianjin. Crowded periods gathered at 8： 00- 11：00 and 17： 00-22： 00. Most ambulatory patients were trauma, neurological and cardiovascular disease; however, half of them was stable and need no emergency intervention.

关 键 词：成人急诊 横断面研究 非危重患者 分级诊疗 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]