皮革高效脱脂Ⅱ:制革过程中金属皂形成及抑制和去除  

High Efficiency Degreasing in Leather Processing: Part Ⅱ.Formation, Inhibition and Removal of Metal Soaps

作　　者：罗凤香 黄偲[1,2] 屈莎莎[1,2] 彭必雨[1,2] LUO Feng-xiang HUANG Cai QU Sha-sha PENG Bi-yu(Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Siehuan University, Chengdu 610065, China National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2017年第1期37-43,共7页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAE02B01);四川大学大学生创新创业训练计划(201610610084)

摘　　要：考察了钙皂和铬皂的形成条件及制革准备和鞣制工段中金属皂的生成情况;研究了非离子表面活性剂对金属皂形成的影响及对金属皂形成的抑制和脱除效果。结果表明,在制革pH范围(pH 2~13)内,脂肪酸和钙离子有结合形成钙皂的可能,钙皂形成的最适pH值为7~11;铬皂形成的最适pH值为4.5~5.5,铬鞣后期提碱至pH4.0左右,适合铬皂的产生;具有较长碳链疏水基和较高EO值的非离子表面活性剂的加入能有效抑制金属皂的形成,并对金属皂有较好的分散效果;在浸灰、软化、浸酸和铬鞣等工序的前期加入适合的表面活性剂,可以抑制金属皂的形成,并对形成的金属皂有较好的去除作用。The formation condition of calcium soap and chromium soap and their production in leather-making beamhouse were investigated, and the impact of non-ionic surfactants on the formation and removal of metal soap were studied. Results showed that it was possible that fatty acid combined with calcium ion to form calcium soap in pH range of pH2- 13, and the optimum pH was 7-11; the optimum pH of forming chromium soap was 4.5-5.5, and chromium soap produced at the end of chrome-tanning process when basifying to pH 4.0; adding non-ionic surfactant with longer carbon chain hydrophobic group and higher EO value could not only inhibit the production of, and also disperse metal soaps, more efficiently. Hence, the suitable application of surfactant in early stage of beamhouse processes, such as liming, bating, pickling, and chrome-tanning could inhibit the formation of metal soaps and had a better removal effect.

关 键 词：脂肪酸 金属皂 表面活性剂 制革 

分 类 号：TS541[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]