中国农业生态化发展的时空差异  

A Research of Space-time Difference of the Ecological Development of Agriculture in China

作　　者：王宝义[1,2] 国艳秋[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东交通学院交通与物流工程学院,山东济南250357 [2]山东农业大学经济管理学院,山东泰安271018 [3]山东交通学院经济与管理学院,山东济南250357

出　　处：《湖北经济学院学报》2017年第1期39-47,共9页Journal of Hubei University of Economics

基　　金：山东省统计科研重点课题(KT15144)

摘　　要：石油农业"逆生态化"特征的"堆积效应"暴露其不可持续的未来,中国农业的生态化发展至关重要。本文以化肥、农药、农膜三大化学制品投入强度表征农业生态化发展,利用1991—2013年省际数据,对其时空差异进行研究,结果表明:(1)中国农业发展具有化肥、农药、农膜投入"依赖症",三类制品的投入强度总体呈上升趋势;(2)经济发展程度相对较高的地区,化学制品的投入强度也相对较大,一定程度上说明农业发展以牺牲农业生态化水平为代价;(3)化肥投入强度区域差异小,农药、农膜的投入区域差异大,后者可能较多受种植业结构等的影响;(4)三区域的基尼系数分解结果显示,对不同的投入品其组内外及剩余项的差异贡献是不同的,但总体而言,组间差异贡献了较大份额。中国农业生态化发展要遵循"生态机制"和"市场机制",结合地区现实情况平衡资源投入、农业产出、生态影响三者关系,实现分类发展。Petroleum agriculture is unsustainable, because it has the characteristics of inverse ecology. The ecological development of agriculture in China is crucial. This article walks through input intensity of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemical, agricultural film,and the data from provinces of China in 1991-2013,to study space-time difference of the ecological development of agriculture in China. Results show that：（1）The development of agriculture in China depends on chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemical and agricultural film. Input intensity of them presents a trend of rising as a whole.（2）The regions of relatively high economic development level have relatively high input intensity of agrochemicals. This shows the agriculture development in China at the expense of ecology.（3）The region difference of input intensity of chemical fertilizer is small, and the region difference of input intensity of agricultural chemical and agricultural film is big. The latter may be affected by planting structure.（4）Decomposition results of Gini coefficient show that the disparity between the regions contributes a larger share. The ecological development of agriculture in China needs to follow the ecological mechanism and market mechanism, to realize classification development combining the existing situation.

关 键 词：石油农业 投入强度 基尼系数 生态化发展 时空差异 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]