玉米矮缩病危害的损失测定与防治指标研究  

Yield Loss and Control Index of Maize Dwarf Disease

作　　者：王华弟 陈剑平[2] 祝小祥 赵敏[4] 戴德江 沈颖 王道泽[5] 王国迪 徐志宏[6] 祝增荣[7] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农药检定管理所,杭州310020 [2]浙江省农业科学院,杭州310021 [3]浙江省临安市植保土肥站,浙江临安311300 [4]浙江省桐庐县农业技术推广中心,浙江桐庐311500 [5]杭州市植保土肥总站,杭州310020 [6]浙江农林大学,浙江临安311300 [7]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州310029

出　　处：《农学学报》2017年第1期19-26,31,共9页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项重点农业项目"玉米重大病毒病监测预警与持续控制技术研究与推广"(2010C12027)

摘　　要：为明确玉米矮缩病发生程度与玉米产量损失之间的关系,2011—2013年在浙江省临安市和桐庐县系统调查了玉米矮缩病在主栽品种‘浚单20’、‘浚单18’上的发生、危害及产量损失情况。结果表明:与健株相比,感病玉米植株均表现株高下降、节间缩短、叶长变短、叶宽变窄、果穗缩短、实粒减少、粒重下降;发病程度为1~4级的病株生物量下降28.76%~81.31%,单穗籽粒产量分别下降32.29%~98.91%。玉米植株发病率为2.31%~39.44%,产量损失率为1.03%~32.13%,两者呈显著相关性。通过回归分析建立了危害损失关系式,根据现有玉米生产条件和效益水平,计算出经济允许损失水平并制订了相应的防治指标。To define the relationship between the severity of maize dwarf disease and yield loss, experiments were conducted in Lin＇ an and Tonglu, Zhejiang Province, from 2011 to 2013. The disease incidence, damage and yield losses were studied on the widely-grown maize varieties ＇Jundan 20＇ and ＇Jundan 18＇. The results showed that compared with healthy maize plants, infected plants had lower height, shorter interuodes and fruiting ears, narrower and shorter leaves, fewer filled grains and lower grain weight. The biomass of plants with disease grades of 1-4 decreased by 28.76%-81.31%, grain yield per ear decreased by 32.29%-98.91%. Yield losses （1.03%-32.13%） were significantly correlated with disease incidence （2.31%-39.44%）. The formula of the relationship between damage and yield loss was developed by regression analysis. The economic threshold was calculated and the index was set for the disease control on the basis of the current conditions and economic benefits of maize production.

关 键 词：玉米矮缩病 危害动态 产量损失 防治指标 应用 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]