苗床添加微生物菌肥对烟草农艺性状和经济性状的影响  

Effect of Microbial Fertilizer on Agronomic and Economic Characters of Tobacco in Seedbed

作　　者：曾庆宾[1,2] 张宇羽[2] 蔡艳[2] 叶沁鑫 张瑞平 杨军伟 

机构地区：[1]四川省攀枝花市烟草公司,四川攀枝花617000 [2]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130

出　　处：《农学学报》2017年第1期52-56,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司项目"攀枝花市烟草专用生物有机肥验证与应用"(2016006);中国烟草总公司四川省公司重点科技项目"植烟土壤质量提升关键技术研究与集成应用"(SCYC201504)

摘　　要：微生物菌肥作为生物防治的重要手段广泛应用于作物的生产实践,烟草育苗基质环境较为简单、稳定且可控,宜于微生物的定殖,有利于微生物菌肥发挥作用。采用不同添加量(5%、10%、15%)的EM(Effective Microorganisms)菌肥和胶质芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mucilaginosus)菌肥及其组合物均匀拌入苗床育苗基质的方式,研究了2种菌肥的不同添加比例和其组合菌肥对‘红花大金元’和‘云烟85’在田间的应用效果,以期为微生物菌肥在烟草育苗基质上的应用提供科学依据和应用参考。结果表明:苗床添加不同用量菌肥改善了‘红花大金元’和‘云烟85’田间成熟期农艺性状,具体表现在增加了2种烟草的株高、节间距、茎围和叶面积系数;同时不同程度提高了2种烟草的经济性状,具体表现在提高了其产量、产值和中上等烟比例,尤以改善中上等烟叶比例和产值效果显著。总体看来,‘红花大金元’以添加15%EM菌肥或胶质芽孢杆菌菌肥,‘云烟85’以添加10%EM菌肥或胶质芽孢杆菌菌肥时烤烟的促生效果较好,建议在生产中推广应用。As an important mean of biological control, microbial fertilizer is widely used in crop production. Tobacco seedling substrate environment is relatively simple, stable and controllable, which is beneficial to the colonization of microbes and the function of microbial fertilizer. In order to provide scientific basis and reference for the application of microbial fertilizer on tobacco, the study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two microbial fertilizers, Effective Microorganisms （EM） and Bacillus mucilaginosus, with different application rates （5%, 10% and 15%） and their combination on two tobacco varieties of ＇ Honghuadajinyuan＇ and ＇Yunyan 85＇. The results showed that adding different dosages of microbial fertilizer to tobacco seedbed improved the agronomic characters of the two tobacco varieties in maturity period, especially in the increase of plant height, distance between leaves, stem girth and leaf area index, which also improved the economic characters in yield, output value and the proportion of superior tobacco, especially in the improvement of the proportion of superior tobacco and output value. Overall, ＇Honghuadajinyuan＇ added 15% EM microbial fertilizer or Bacillus mucilaginosus fertilizer, or ＇Yunyan85＇ added 10% EM microbial fertilizer or Bacillus mucilaginosus fertilizer could gain better growth-promoting effects, and were recommended for popularization and application in production.

关 键 词：EM菌 胶质芽孢杆菌 微生物肥料 '红花大金元’ '云烟85’ 育苗 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]