1月四川盆地不同气候型的环流特征  

Circulation Features of Different Climatic Patterns Over Sichuan Basin in January

作　　者：杨小波[1,2] 马振峰[2] 杨淑群[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所,成都610072 [2]四川省农业气象中心,成都610072

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期132-140,共9页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目(GYHY201306022);国家自然科学基金项目(41275097)

摘　　要：本文利用四川盆地气温、降水资料和NCEP/NCAR高度场再分析资料,分析了1月四川盆地暖湿、暖干、冷湿、冷干年同期环流特征,并对同期、前期环流进行了差异t检验.结果表明:1月暖型(冷型)气候环流特征是乌拉尔山至贝湖地区高压不明显(明显),西伯利亚高压偏弱(强),中高纬度地区盛行纬向(经向)环流;干型(湿型)气候环流特征是青藏高原地区高度场偏高(低),南支槽偏弱(强).阿留申低压主要反映了东亚冬季风强弱变化,而这也是造成盆地暖湿、冷干型气候的主要原因.暖干、冷湿型同期环流表现为南北气压场的差异,暖湿、冷干型同期环流表现为东西气压场的差异;当前期贝湖为低压槽(高压脊),极涡偏强(弱)时,后期1月出现暖干(冷湿)型气候的可能性大;当前期威克岛至夏威夷群岛附近的热带太平洋高度场偏低(偏高),贝湖为低压槽(高压脊),阿留申低压偏弱(强)时,后期1月出现暖湿(冷干)型气候的可能性大.Based on the data of temperature and precipitation over Sichuan basin in January and the reanalysis data of geopotential height（GPH） of NCEP/NCAR,the four climatic patterns corresponding to the warm and wet,warm and dry,cold and wet and cold and dry over Sichuan basin are analysed,and the previous and the corresponding circulations are inspected with t-test.The circulation feature of the warm（cold） pattern takes on the inactive（active） blocking high over the area from the Urals to Lake Baikal and the weak（strong） Siberian high,and zonal（meridional） circulation prevails at middle-high latitudes.The circulation feature of dry（wet） type is corresponding to the high（low） GPH over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the weak（strong） southern branch trough.The anomalous Aleutian low represents the intensity change of the East Asian winter monsoon,which is the main reason that results in the climate types of warm and wet,cold and dry over Sichuan basin.The homochronous circulation difference of warm and dry pattern minus cold and wet pattern is in the meridional direction,while that of warm and wet pattern minus cold and dry pattern is in the zonal direction.When the previous circulation corresponding to the strong（weak） polar vortex and the trough（ridge） over Lake Baikal is present,it indicates that the climatic pattern of warm and dry（cold and wet） is likely to occur in January.Furthermore,when the previous circulation associated with the low（high） GPH of the tropical Pacific near Wake Island and the Hawaii Islands,and a trough（ridge） over Lake Baikal and the weak（strong） Aleutian low is shown,then the climatic pattern of warm and wet（cold and dry） is highly likely to occur in January.

关 键 词：四川盆地 冷暖 干湿 大气环流 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]