水氮互作对黑河中游娃娃菜光合特性与水氮利用的影响  

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water-nitrogen Utilization of Baby Cabbage in Middle Reaches of Hei River

作　　者：杨彬[1] 陈修斌[1] 钟玉风 高湘楠 徐学军[2] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]兰州市农业科技研究推广中心,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《土壤通报》2017年第1期162-168,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510740001);甘肃省科技支撑计划-农业类项目(144NKCA241)资助

摘　　要：在黑河流域中游张掖市的高原夏菜生产中,以"春月黄"娃娃菜品种为试材,试验采用双因素随机区组设计,研究了不同水氮互作模式对其光合特性与水氮利用的影响。结果表明:以优化灌水定额(1125 m3 hm-2)与优化施氮量(300 kg hm-2)组合处理(A2N2)的娃娃菜,在结球前期(5月25日)、中期(6月10日)、末期(6月25日),测定的光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)变化规律相一致,均表现为:中期>末期>前期;不同处理对Pn和Tr的影响顺序为:优化灌水定额和优化施氮量(A2N2)>经验灌水定额和优化施氮量(A1N2)>轻度亏水灌溉定额和优化施氮量(A3N2)>优化灌水定额和经验施氮量(A2N1)>经验灌水定额和经验施氮量(A1N1)>轻度亏水灌溉定额和经验施氮量(A3N1)>经验灌水定额和零施氮量(A1N3)>优化灌水定额和零施氮量(A2N3)>轻度亏水灌溉定额和零施氮量(A3N3);采用A2N2处理的娃娃菜,其植株叶片的光系统Ⅱ实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量(Fv'/Fm')和光化学猝灭系数(q P)值最高,分别为0.38、0.49和0.66,而其非光化学猝灭系数(q N)和光抑制程度最低,为0.543和-0.197;同时娃娃菜地上部分叶数、横茎、纵茎与经济产量分别为42.26片、18.54 cm、24.38 cm和89.55 t hm-2,明显高于其它处理。由此可见,以水氮组合A2N2来指导本区娃娃菜生产,可达到高产高效、降低环境污染的目的。This paper selected the variety ＂Chnnyuehuang＂ as the tested material, used the double factors randomized block design and studied the effects of different water and nitrogen interaction patterns on photosynthetic characteristics and water-nitrogen utilization of baby cabbage during the cultivation of plateau summer vegetable in middle reaches of Zhangye Hei River. The result showed that the photosynthetic rate（Pn） and the transpiration rate （Tr） of baby cabbage appeared consistent variation in different growth stages： middle growth stage of the ball （June 10th ）〉 last growth stage of the ball （June 25th ） 〉 early growth stage of the ball （May 25th ） in the treatment of optimized irrigation quota of 1125 m^3 hm^2 and N application rate of 300 kg hm^2 （A2N2）. The effects of different treatments of water and nitrogen on Pn and Tr were ranked from high to low： the optimized irrigation quota and the optimized N application rate （A2N2） 〉 the experiential irrigation quota and the optimized N application rate （A1N2） 〉 the slight depletion irrigation quota and the optimized N application rate （A3N2） 〉 the optimized irrigation quota and the experiential N application rate（A2N1） 〉 the experiential irrigation quota and the experiential N application rate （A1NI） 〉 the slight depletion irrigation quota and the experiential N application rate （A3N1） 〉 the experiential irrigation quota and no N application rate （A1N3） 〉 the optimized irrigation quota and no N application rate （A2N3） 〉 the slight depletion irrigation quota and no N application rate （A3N3）. The actual photochemical quantum yield （dP PS Ⅱ）, PS Ⅱ effective photochemical quantum yield （Fv＇/Fm＇） and light chemical quenching coefficient （qP） of the leaves of baby cabbage was the highest, with the values of 0.38, 0.49, 0.66, respectively, in the light system Ⅱ of A2N2 treatment; However, the values of non-photochemical quenching coefficient （qN） and light i

关 键 词：水氮互作 娃娃菜 光合特性 水氮利用 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]