阵元随机均匀分布球面阵列联合噪声源定位方法  

Noise source identification by using near field acoustic holograpy and focused beamforming based on spherical microphone array with random unifrom distribution of elements

作　　者：张揽月[1,2] 丁丹丹 杨德森[1,2] 时胜国[1,2] 朱中锐[1,2] Zhang Lan-Yue Ding Dan-Dan Yang De-Sen Shi Sheng-Guo Zhu Zhong-Rui(Science and Technology on Underwater Acoustic Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学,水声技术重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《物理学报》2017年第1期140-151,共12页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11674075,11404076)资助的课题

摘　　要：基于球面传声器阵列的噪声源定位方法,设计加工了阵元随机均匀分布64元球面传声器阵列,研究了球面近场声全息和球谐函数模态展开聚焦波束形成联合噪声源定位识别方法,对算法的性能进行了仿真分析,并利用球面传声器阵列进行了噪声源的定位识别试验.研究表明,阵元随机均匀分布球面阵列具有全空间稳定的目标定位性能,球面近场声全息对低频近距离声源具有较高的定位精度,球谐函数模态展开聚焦波束形成对高频远距离声源具有较高的定位精度,将两种方法联合进行声源的定位识别,可以在较小孔径的球面阵列和较少阵元的条件下,在宽频带范围内获得对目标声源良好的定位性能.With the development of techlology, noise controlling has received wide attention in recent years. Noise source identification is the key step for noise controlling. Spherical microphone array, which can locate the noise source of arbitrary direction in three-dimensional space, has been widely used for noise source identification in recent years.Conventional methods of locating noise source include spherical near field acoustic holography and spherical focused beamforming. The acoustic quantities are reconstructed by using spherical near field acoustic holography method to realize the noise source identification, while the noise source can also be located by using focused beamforming based on spherical harmonic wave decomposition. However, both these methods have their own limitations when they are used in identifying the noise source. Spherical near field acoustic holography has low resolution at high frequency with a far distance from noise source to measurement array for noise source identification, whereas the spherically focused beamforming has low localization resolution at low frequency.Noise source identification is discussed here, and a 64-element microphone spherical array with randomly uniform distribution of elements is designed. The combination methods of noise source identification by using spherical near field acoustic holography and mode decomposition focused beamforming are investigated. The performance of the proposed combination method is simulated, and an experiment on noise source identification is carried out based on the designed spherical microphone array to test the validity of proposed method. Research results show that the high-resolution noise source identification can be achieved by using near field acoustic holography when reconstruction frequency is100–1000 Hz with a distance 0.3–0.45 m from noise source to the center of spherical array, while high resolution of noise source localization can be achieved by using spherical wave decomposition beamforming when signal frequency is10

关 键 词：近场声全息 聚焦波束形成 模态分解 噪声源定位识别 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理]