微生物异位发酵床养猪废弃填料的安全性评价  

Safety Evaluation of Waste Fillers in Ectopic Microbial Fermentation Bed for Pig Farm

作　　者：董立婷[1,2] 朱昌雄[1] 马金奉[1] 阿旺次仁[1] 杨翔华[2] 耿兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业清洁领域团队,北京100081 [2]辽宁石油化工大学环境与生物工程学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2017年第1期118-124,共7页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07103-06,2015ZX07103-007,2014ZX07510-001);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303094-03)资助

摘　　要：为了研究养猪废弃填料的资源化利用,对异位发酵床的废弃填料进行了安全性评价。通过对两种废弃填料的养分含量、重金属含量、种子发芽率指数、蛔虫卵死亡率和粪大肠菌群数进行分析,结果表明:废弃填料中的营养物质丰富,总养分含量分别为6.19%、7.21%,有机质的质量分数分别为56.11%、48.63%,p H分别为8.00、8.50,重金属元素含量较低,均符合我国城镇垃圾农用控制标准和中华人民共和国农业部规定的有机肥料标准;废弃填料的种子发芽率指数分别为127.67%、118.77%,表明其对农作物无毒性;废弃填料的蛔虫卵死亡率分别为95.75%、95.60%,粪大肠菌群数分别为76个和83个,均符合我国有机肥料中的相关标准。该结果证实异位发酵床样式技术是可以实现养殖废弃物资源化利用的环保型养殖模式。In order to study the resource utilization of waste fillers from swine industry,this study carried out a safety evaluation for waste fillers of the ectopic microbial fermentation bed. Contents of nutrient and heavy metal,seed germination rate index,death rate of Ascaris eggs and fecal coliform group counts of 2 kinds waste fillers were analyzed.Results showed that the total nutrient contents were 6. 19% and 7. 21%,respectively; the mass fraction of organic matters were 56.11% and 48.63%,respectively; the p H were 8.00 and 8.50,respectively; and heavy metals contents were relatively low,which were in accordance with the related standards of GB 8172-1987 and NY 525-2012. The seed germination rate indexes of these 2 waste fillers were 127.67% and 118.77%,respectively,indicating 2 waste fillers had no toxicity to crops. The death rates of Ascaris eggs were 95. 75% and 95. 60%,respectively; and the fecal coliform group counts were 76 and 83,respectively,which were in accordance with the relevant standards of organic fertilizer in China. These results indicated that Ectopic microbial fermentation bed system is a non-polluting,zero-emission organic farming technique,in which the organic matter was degraded and utilized by microorganisms at the same time.

关 键 词：废弃填料 异位发酵床 有机肥料 安全性评价 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]