牵引型分段式花生收获机的研制  

Design of Trailed Segmental Peanut Harvester

作　　者：陈海需 衡耀付[1] 姜俊 杨莹莹[1] 刘大华[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄淮学院机电工程学院,河南驻马店463000 [2]驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2017年第4期122-128,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：河南省高校重点科研项目(15A460028)

摘　　要：结合河南省花生主产区的种植模式和农用拖拉机保有量大的特点,为解决花生挖掘后人工捡拾秧果劳动强度大、成产成本高的问题,设计了一种与拖拉机动力配套使用的牵引型分段式花生收获机。该花生收获机主要由传动变速装置、拾捡输送装置、搅龙装置、清选分离装置、集果装置,以及相关辅助装置等部件组成。在分段收获的基础上,设计了自动拾捡装置,提升了抓秧能力;创新设计了螺旋圆弧搅龙,振动筛与吸风机组成的清选分离系统,清选效果较好,最大限度地避免了农机作业中粉尘飞扬。田间试验表明:该机作业性能良好,捡拾率达到98.8%,损失率为2.8%,生产率达到1 017kg/h,符合国家花生收获机作业质量标准(NY/7502-7 5 0 2),满足实际生产要求。Combined the peanut planting pattern of main producing areas and plenty of farm tractors in Henan province, in order to solve the problem of higher labor intensity and higher production cost after digging peanut, a trailed segmental peanut harvester using tractor power was successfully developed, It is consisted of the transmission device, pick up and conveying equipment, auger device, choosing separation device, collecting equipment and related ancillary equipment. On the base of segmented harvester, automatic picker is developed, improving the ability to grasp the seedling ; Innovative design on spiral arc auger and the choosing separation system which is composed of vibrating screen and suction fan, to make the choosing effect better than ever, and to avoid the dust float in the sky as far as possible when the machine works. Field experiments show that the machine work performance is good, the collecting rate was 98.7 % , the loss rate was 2.57% , productivity was 1022 kg/h, every index reaches the national standards （NY/7502-7502） , fully meeting the actual production requirement.

关 键 词：牵引型 分段收获 自动拾捡 花生收获机 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]