汾河太原段底栖动物群落结构与水质生物学评价  

Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Bioassessment of Water Quality in Fenhe River

作　　者：李安萍[1] 高晋华[1] LI Anping GAO Jinhua(Department of Biology Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院生物系,山西太原030031

出　　处：《太原师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期81-86,共6页Journal of Taiyuan Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山西省科技基础条件平台建设项目(2013091004-0106)

摘　　要：2014年5月(丰水期)和10月(枯水期),对汾河太原段大型底栖动物群落进行调查.结果显示:1大型底栖动物有46种,隶属于4门6纲27科;2优势种为霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)、苏氏尾鳃蚓(Branchiura dowerbyi)、萝卜螺(Radix sp.)、铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)、裸须摇蚊(Propsilocerusi sp.)、黄色羽摇蚊(Chironomus flaviplumus).丰水期的优势种增加了东方蜉(Ephemera sp.)和纹石蚕(Hydropsy chidae);3底栖动物的平均密度和平均生物量分别为226.15ind./m2和10.526g/m2,按照耐污值来划分以耐污种群和中等耐污种群为主,共计占86.95%.4大型底栖动物的密度(P=0.416)与生物量(P=0.917)差异不显著.Spearman相关性分析显示,水生昆虫的分布与水体透明度和DO呈极显著正相关,而与TN和TP有显著负相关;而寡毛类的分布与DO和透明度有显著负相关;软体动物的分布与环境因子的关系不显著.5利用底栖动物HBI生物指数评价结果表明,汾河太原段水质状况较差,大部分样点处于中污染——重污染状态.In May（the wet season）and October（the dry season）2014,macrozoobenthic assemblages were investigated in Fenhe River of Tai Yuan.The results showed that：1During the investigation,4phylums 6classes 27 farmilies 46taxa were collected.2Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri、Branchiura dowerbyi、Radix sp、Bellamya aeruginosa、Propsilocerusi sp.Chironomus flaviplumus dominated the community with high abundance and biomass.Ephemera sp.and Hydropsy chidae were increased during the wet season.3Average density and biomass of macrozoobenthos were 226.15ind·m-2and 10.526g·m-2,respectively.Divided by the value of tolerance,stain tolerance and moderate stain tolerance population were the dominants totaling 86.95 %.4The density（P=0.416）and biomass（P=0.917）of macrozoobenthos showed no significant difference.Spearman correction analysis showed that the distribution of aquatic insects was correlated positively with water transparency and dissolved oxygen and had a negative relation with total nitrogen and total phosphorus.Oligochaeta was correlated negative relation with transparency and dissolved oxygen,There was no significant relationship between the distribution of Mollusca and environmental factors.5Based on BI biological index of macrozoobenthos,water quality in Fenhe River was assessed.The results indicated that the water quality of majority sampling sites in Taiyuan segment of Fenhe River was suffered moderate to serious pollution.

关 键 词：底栖动物 群落结构 环境因子 水质评价 汾河太原段 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]