石家庄市大气臭氧浓度与居民急救关系的时间序列分析  

Time-series analysis of association between ozone concentration and daily emergency ambulance dispatches in Shijiazhuang

作　　者：胡悦[1,2] 郭昳[1] 关茗洋 陈凤格[1] 徐东群[3] 宋杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与评价所,河北050011 [2]Drexel University,School of Biomedical Engineering,Science and Health System [3]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2016年第10期872-876,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家卫生计生委卫生公益性行业科研专项(201402022);石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划(161460873)

摘　　要：目的探讨石家庄市大气臭氧(O_3)浓度与居民因非意外总急救、循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病而寻求急救服务人次的关系。方法收集石家庄市2013—2015年O_3日最大8 h平均浓度(O_3-8 h)、日均气温、相对湿度和每日非意外总急救人次、因循环系统疾病急救人次、因呼吸系统疾病急救人次,采用时间序列分析方法的广义相加模型,分析空气中O_3浓度和居民因非意外总急救、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病寻求急救服务人次的关系。结果研究期间空气中O_3-8 h浓度范围为1.86~262.43μg/m^3;非意外总急救、因循环系统疾病急救和呼吸系统疾病急救日均人次分别为120、39、13人次。O_3-8 h浓度与平均气温呈正相关(r_s=0.80,P<0.01),与SO_2、NO_2、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)及相对湿度均呈负相关(r_s值分别为-0.41,-0.41,-0.32,-0.24,-0.11,P<0.01)。大气中O_3-8 h浓度每升高10μg/m^3,居民因呼吸系统疾病急救人次增加1.21%(95%CI:0.59%~1.83%)。结论大气O_3污染(尤其是夏秋季)可能增加居民呼吸系统疾病的风险。Objective To understand the relationship between ambient maximum 8 h average concentration of ozone and daily emergency ambulance dispatches due to non-accidental, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases in Shijiazhuang,Hebei province. Methods The data of O_3-8 h concentrations and meteorological factors（including the daily average temperature and relative humidity） and daily cause-specific emergency ambulance dispatches during 2013-2015 were collected in Shijiazhuang. Semi-parametric generalized additive model was used to analyze the relationship between O_3-8 h concentration and daily cause-specific emergency ambulance dispatches. Results The daily ambient maximum 8 h average concentration of ozone was in the range of 1.86-262.43 μg/m^3, the daily emergency ambulance dispatches due to non-accidental, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases were 120, 39 and 13, respectively. The O_3-8 h concentration was positively correlated with daily average temperature（the correlation coefficients was 0.8）, while negatively correlated with SO_2,NO_2, PM_（2.5）, PM_（10） concentration and relative humidity（the correlation coefficients were-0.41,-0.41,-0.32,-0.24,-0.11）. A 10μg/m^3 increase of O_3-8 h concentration corresponded to increase of 1.21%（95% CI：0.59%-1.83%） in daily emergency ambulance dispatches due to respiratory diseases. Conclusion Our research indicates that outdoor O_3-8 h concentration,especially in summer, is significantly associated with increased risk of emergency ambulance dispatches due to respiratory diseases in Shijiazhuang.

关 键 词：空气污染 O3 急救 广义相加模型 

分 类 号：R122-2[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]