胶州湾湿地芦苇地上部分生长动态及其生物量估算经验公式  

Growth Dynamics and Empirical Formula for Biomass Evalution of Aboveground Part of Phragmites australis in Jiaozhou Bay Wetlands

作　　者：郗敏[1] 孔范龙[1] 冯小敏[1] 訾园园 李悦[1] XI Min KONG Fanlong FENG Xiaomin ZI Yuanyuan LI Yue(College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P.R. China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《湿地科学》2016年第6期816-824,共9页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101080);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014DQ028和ZR2015DM004)资助

摘　　要：于2014年4-11月,在胶州湾湿地芦苇（Phragmites australis）盐沼中,设置3条采样带,在完整的芦苇生长期内,开展研究。结果表明,整个生长期内,芦苇杆高和叶长总体变化规律一致,芦苇植株杆高9月底达到最高,为194.40 cm,到凋落期减小;芦苇植株叶长在8月18日达到最长,为40.48 cm,8月以后叶长逐渐变短。生长初期,芦苇植株的叶宽和叶厚持续生长,叶宽在9月27日达最大值,为3.28 cm,叶厚在5月5日达到最大值,为0.33 mm,之后叶宽和叶厚都在一定范围内变化。芦苇群落植株密度呈单峰型波动变化,在5月22日群落密度最高,之后波动变化;芦苇生长初期,芦苇含水量最高,随着芦苇的生长,含水量降低,进入抽穗期时,含水量再次升高;芦苇地上部生物量与芦苇植株及其各部分构成的干物质变化一致。温度、阳光、土壤养分和芦苇自身生长规律是影响胶州湾湿地芦苇地上部分生长动态的主要因素。芦苇杆茎干质量与杆高和直径都显著正相关（n=270,p〈0.01）,杆高和直径之间不相关,杆茎干质量和植株干质量显著正相关（n=270,p〈0.01）;芦苇样方干质量与植株干质量显著正相关（n=27,p〈0.01）,与植株密度不相关。建立芦苇植株地上部分生物量经验公式,结合芦苇群落密度,建立芦苇群落地上部分生物量经验公式,残差分析表明,该经验公式是可以应用的。In order to study aboveground growth dynamics of Phragmites australis in Jiaozhou Bay wetlands,three sampling bands were settled during the whole growth season from April to November, 2014. The results showed that the variations of stem height and stem length were similar throughout the growth season, the stem height on 27, September was highest（194.40 cm）, then decreased in autumn. The stem length on 18, August was highest（40.48 cm）, then shorten after August. Leaf width, and leaf thickness firstly increased, and then the leaf width on 27, September was highest（3.28 cm） and the leaf thickness on 5, May was highest（0.33mm）. Communities density showed an increasing trend at first then decreased, and it was highest on 22, May,and then fluctuated in a certain range. Moisture content of Phragmites australis was highest in early stage and then it decreased, the moisture content increased in heading stage. The dynamics of aboveground biomass, dry weight of various organs and single plant all showed a single-peak curve. Temperature, sunlight, soil nutrients and growth law of Phragmites australis were the main factors affecting the growth of Phragmites australis in Jiaozhou Bay Wetlands. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the dry weight of stem was significantly related to stem height and stem diameter（n=270,p〈0.01）. There was no correlation between stem height and stem diameter. Moreover, the dry weight of single plant was positively correlated to dry weight of single stem（n=27,p〈0.01）and sample plot（n=270,p〈0.01）, but had no correlation with plant density. According to the empirical equation of plant growth（relative growth method）, aboveground biomass was calculated. Residual analysis expressed that the equations for aboveground biomass of Phragmites australis was feasible.

关 键 词：芦苇 生长动态 地上部分生物量 胶州湾 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]