2015年8月呼伦湖水化学特征  

The Hydrochemical Characteristics of Hulun Lake in August 2015

作　　者：梁丽娥[1] 李畅游[1] 史小红[1] 孙标[1] 王静洁[1] 王朋 LIANG Lie LI Changyou SHI Xiaohong SUN Biao WANG Jingjie WANG Peng(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R.China Henan Chuanghui Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Company, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]河南创辉水利水电工程公司,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《湿地科学》2016年第6期936-941,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：内蒙古农业大学优秀青年科学基金项目(2014XYQ-10);国家自然科学基金项目(51339002;51409288;51509133;51569019;51669022)资助

摘　　要：2015年8月14日,在呼伦湖设置采样点,采集水样,分析呼伦湖水体的化学特征,以揭示呼伦湖水化学特征、水体中的离子来源及控制因素。研究结果表明,呼伦湖湖水的p H为9.06~9.23,湖水为弱碱性水,湖东南部水体的p H相对较大;湖水中总溶解固体质量浓度为670~843 mg/L,平均值为784.17 mg/L,总体上东北部和中部湖水中的总溶解固体质量浓度较大;以CaCO_3计的水总硬度为141.80~250.36 mg/L,平均值为210.20 mg/L,湖水属于硬水;湖水中的优势阳离子为Na^+,其占阳离子总数的80%;优势阴离子为HCO_3^-,其占阴离子总数的73%;呼伦湖水体水化学类型为[C]NaⅠ型或HCO_3^--Na^+型;湖泊水体水化学特征受蒸发岩盐和碳酸盐岩的控制,水体离子来源不受大气降水控制,主要受蒸发—结晶和岩石风化共同作用,且日益加剧的人类活动对离子组成和来源也有影响;自20世纪60年代至70年代以来,呼伦湖呈现淡水湖、微咸水湖不断交替的特征,与区域气候特征存在良好的响应关系。In order to analyze the characteristics of hydrochemistry of Hulun Lake, ions sources and their controlling factors, water samples were taken on August 14, 2015. The results showed that p H of the water in Hulun Lake varied from 9.06 to 9.23 and the water was weak alkaline. The p H of the water in southwest part of the lake was higher than that in northeast part. The content of total dissolved solids was in the range of670-843 mg/L and the average content was 784.17 mg/L, and which was generally higher in the northeastern and central parts of the lake. The water hardness on CaCO3 was 141.80-250.36 mg/L, and the mean hardness was 210.20 mg/L, and the water was hard water. The predominant cations were Na＋, accounted for 80% of the number of total cations; and the dominant anions were HCO3^-, accounted for 73% of the number of total anions. The water chemistry type was [C]NaⅠ or HCO3^-—Na^＋, and which was due to the effects of evaporation and carbonate rocks. The ions sources of Hulun Lake did not come from atmospheric precipitation, but were controlled by evaporation-crystallization and rock weathering interaction. The human activities were of a certain impact on water chemical characteristics. Since the 1960 s, The evolution of the water of Hulun Lake was the alternating of weak saltwater and freshwater, which was of a positive response to the change of the regional climatic characteristics.

关 键 词：水化学特征 呼伦湖 人类活动 

分 类 号：O661[理学—分析化学]