20世纪末美国面向就业机会的职业教育政策  

A Study on School-to-Work Opportunity Policy of the United States at the End of the 20th Century

作　　者：高嵩[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2016年第4期86-92,共7页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"20世纪美国就业权利问题研究"(编号:12BSS017)

摘　　要：20世纪90年代,顺应经济形势和职业教育改革的需要,美国联邦政府实施了以帮助青少年就业为目标的职业教育政策。1994年《从学校到就业机会法》颁布后,从学校到就业计划在全美范围开展起来,形成了一场面向全体中小学生和中学辍学青年,通过多种途径整合已有课程资源,以学校本位学习、工作本位学习和链接活动的方式,帮助学生完成从中学教育向就业的过渡。是一场重视雇主、学校、教师、家长、社区机构合作伙伴关系的职业教育改革运动。尽管在促进学生升学与就业、促进企业发展等方面取得诸多成效,但是在服务于残障青年方面收效甚微。In the 1990 s,US Federal Government started a vocational education policy,School-to-Work Opportunity policy. After the enactment of the School to Work Opportunity Act of 1994,employment-oriented education programs spread to secondary schools of the whole nation.STWOA aimed to help every student further his/her study,get the first high salary job by integrating existing vocational and academic curriculum,to strengthen relationships between secondary and postsecondary schools.It insisted that every student should receive vocational education by school-based learning,work-based learning and connecting activities which consist of vocational education activities,and that states should build up partnerships of employers,schools,teachers,parents,communities,and education specialists.This reform made lots of achievements in promotion of student education and employment,and of enterprise development.

关 键 词：从学校到就业机会法 职业教育 美国 就业 

分 类 号：G719.712[文化科学—职业技术教育学] F249.1[文化科学—教育学]